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They called their land Engla land, meaning "land of the English", by Æthelweard Latinized Anglia, from an original Anglia vetus, the purported homeland of the Angles (called Angulus by Bede). [9] The name Engla land became England by haplology during the Middle English period ( Engle-land , Engelond ). [ 10 ]
When Elizabeth died, her closest male Protestant relative was the King of Scots, James VI, of the House of Stuart, who became King James I of England in a Union of the Crowns, called James I and VI. He was the first monarch to rule the entire island of Britain, but the countries remained separate politically.
England led the way as London became the capital of a world empire and cities across the country grew in locations strategic for manufacturing. [45] In the United States from 1860 to 1910, the introduction of railroads reduced transportation costs, and large manufacturing centers began to emerge, fueling migration from rural to city areas.
The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. [11] England is home to the two oldest universities in the English-speaking world: the University of Oxford, founded in 1096, and the University of Cambridge, founded in 1209. Both universities are ranked among the ...
The history of the United Kingdom begins in 1707 with the Treaty of Union and Acts of Union.The core of the United Kingdom as a unified state came into being with the political union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland, [1] into a new unitary state called Great Britain.
Great Britain, also known as the Kingdom of Great Britain, [4] was a sovereign state in Western Europe from 1707 [5] to the end of 1800. The state was created by the 1706 Treaty of Union and ratified by the Acts of Union 1707, which united the kingdoms of England (including Wales) and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands ...
Gao-Saney called al-kawkaw, Gaw-Gaw [10] by ancient Arab chroniclers is the first site of Gao, founded in the 7th century, it was the capital of the Gao Empire of Za Dynasty. [11] A marble palace, stelae, houses and cemeteries dating from this period were discovered by archaeologists.
Londinium, also known as Roman London, was the capital of Roman Britain during most of the period of Roman rule. Most twenty-first century historians think that it was originally a settlement established shortly after the Claudian invasion of Britain, on the current site of the City of London, around 47–50 AD, [4] [5] [3] but some defend an older view that the city originated in a defensive ...