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Symptoms are pain and tenderness at the radial side of the wrist, fullness or thickening over the thumb side of the wrist, painful radial abduction of the thumb, and difficulty gripping with the affected side of the hand. [2] Pain is made worse by movement of the thumb and wrist, and may radiate to the thumb or the forearm. [2]
Infectious tenosynovitis in 2.5% to 9.4% of all hand infections. Kanavel's cardinal signs are used to diagnose infectious tenosynovitis. They are: tenderness to touch along the flexor aspect of the finger, fusiform enlargement of the affected finger, the finger being held in slight flexion at rest, and severe pain with passive extension.
The main symptom is pain, particularly with gripping and pinching. [7] [8] This pain is often described as weakness, but true weakness is not a part of this disease. People may also note a change in shape of the thumb. [7] [8] Some people choose surgery, but most people find they can accommodate trapeziometacarpal arthritis. [9] [10] [11]
Tendinopathy is a type of tendon disorder that results in pain, swelling, and impaired function. [2] The pain is typically worse with movement. [2] It most commonly occurs around the shoulder (rotator cuff tendinitis, biceps tendinitis), elbow (tennis elbow, golfer's elbow), wrist, hip, knee (jumper's knee, popliteus tendinopathy), or ankle (Achilles tendinitis).
The theory is that the radial nerve becomes irritated and/or inflamed from friction caused by compression by muscles in the forearm. [1]Some speculate that radial tunnel syndrome is a type of repetitive strain injury (RSI), but there is no detectable pathophysiology and even the existence of this disorder is questioned.
Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a disorder characterized by catching or locking of the involved finger in full or near full flexion, typically with force. [2] There may be tenderness in the palm of the hand near the last skin crease (distal palmar crease ). [ 3 ]
A rheumatologist will aim to diagnose the cause of the patient’s pain by first determining whether it is inside the joint itself, meaning true synovitis, or if it is actually caused by an inflammation of the tendons, referred to as tendonitis. Imaging, such as an MRI or musculoskeletal ultrasound is often required to make a firm diagnosis.
TOS can involve only part of the hand (as in the pinky and adjacent half of the ring finger), all of the hand, or the inner aspect of the forearm and upper arm. Pain can also be in the side of the neck, the pectoral area below the clavicle, the armpit/axillary area, and the upper back (i.e., the trapezius and rhomboid area).