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The organic compound citrulline is an α-amino acid. [2] Its name is derived from citrullus, the Latin word for watermelon.Although named and described by gastroenterologists since the late 19th century, it was first isolated from watermelon in 1914 by Japanese researchers Yatarō Koga (古賀彌太郎) and Ryō Ōtake (大嶽了) [3] [4] and further codified by Mitsunori Wada of Tokyo ...
The chemical conversion of arginine to citrulline, known as citrullination or deimination. Citrullination or deimination is the conversion of the amino acid arginine in a protein into the amino acid citrulline. Citrulline is not one of the 20 standard amino acids encoded by DNA in the genetic code.
Most of these mutations lead to an unfunctional citrin protein, meaning it cannot work to properly transport aspartate from the mitochondria to the cytosol. Aspartate plays a vital role in the urea cycle by reacting with citrulline to form argininosuccinate. Without adequate amounts of aspartate in the cytosol, this intermediate step in the ...
18416 Ensembl ENSG00000036473 ENSMUSG00000031173 UniProt P00480 P11725 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000531 NM_008769 RefSeq (protein) NP_000522 NP_032795 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 38.35 – 38.42 Mb Chr X: 10.12 – 10.19 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) (also called ornithine carbamoyltransferase) is an enzyme (EC 2.1.3.3) that catalyzes the reaction ...
Citrulline Arginine. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are autoantibodies (antibodies to an individual's own proteins) that are directed against peptides and proteins that are citrullinated. They are present in the majority of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clinically, cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) are frequently used to ...
Homocitrulline has been suggested as a confounding antigen for rheumatoid arthritis antibodies targeting citrullinated proteins/peptides. [1] Antibodies binding to homocitrulline-containing sequences have been found in rheumatoid arthritis patients' sera [2] [3] More recently, it has been shown that homocitrulline-containing proteins are present in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joints. [4]
Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency also known as OTC deficiency is the most common urea cycle disorder in humans. Ornithine transcarbamylase, the defective enzyme in this disorder, is the final enzyme in the proximal portion of the urea cycle, responsible for converting carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine into citrulline.
The amino acid arginine (left) is converted to citrulline (right) via the process of citrullination. Citrullination, or deimination, is the process by which the amino acid arginine (R) is converted into citrulline. Protein arginine deiminases (PADs) replace the ketimine group of arginine with a ketone group to form the citrulline.