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The traditional Romanian and Moldovan colac is a braided bread, typically made for special occasions or holidays, such as Christmas, Easter, weddings, and funerals. [29] It is a traditional custom of Romanian rural society, on Christmas Eve, to gather in groups, to go in different houses and to sing colinde , traditional Christmas carols .
The tradition is known locally by its Slavic names, all literal variants of "bread and salt": Belarusian: Хлеб і соль, Bulgarian: Хляб и сол, Czech: Chléb a sůl, Macedonian: Леб и сол, Polish: Chleb i Sól, Russian: Хлеб-соль, Serbo-Croatian: Хлеб и со, Hlȅb i so, Slovak: Chlieb a soľ, Slovene: Kruh in sol, Ukrainian: Хліб і сіль.
Romani people also cook pufe (made from fried flour), xaritsa (fried cornbread), bogacha (baked bread) and xaimoko (a meal consisting of rabbit meat). They serve their meals with kafa (coffee) and chao (tea) with sugar and milk or fruits such as strawberries, peach slices, apple slices, or lemon.
Romanian recipes bear the same influences as the rest of Romanian culture. The Turks brought meatballs (perișoare in a meatball soup), from the Greeks there is musaca, from the Austrians there is the șnițel, and the list continues.
The bread has no set design, and the style and ornamentation of the korovai varies by region, although colors red, gold and silver were most commonly employed in decoration. [ 5 ] The bread was traditionally prepared in the home of the bride by women who sang traditional songs to guide them through the making. [ 3 ]
Mămăligă (Romanian pronunciation: [məməˈliɡə] ⓘ;) is a polenta made out of yellow maize flour, traditional in Romania, Moldova, south-west regions of Ukraine and among Poles in Ukraine, the Black Sea regions of Georgia and Turkey, and Thessaly and Phthiotis, as well as in Bulgaria and in Greece. [3]
It is eaten in countries like Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Romania, Armenia, Georgia, Moldova, North Macedonia and Serbia. [4] [5] [6] Kulich is a variant of paska Easter breads and represents not only Easter but also the spring. [7] Easter is a very important celebration in Eastern European countries, even more important than Christmas. [8]
Brown bread is seen as healthier by many, with popular brands including Allinson and Hovis. Artisanal baking has also seen a resurgence since the 1970s. Rye bread is mostly eaten in the form of Scandinavian-style crisp bread, such as that produced by Ryvita in Birmingham. Malt loaf is a dark, heavy and sweet bread.