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In SI units, this acceleration is expressed in metres per second squared (in symbols, m/s 2 or m·s −2) or equivalently in newtons per kilogram (N/kg or N·kg −1). Near Earth's surface, the acceleration due to gravity, accurate to 2 significant figures, is 9.8 m/s 2 (32 ft/s 2).
μ = Gm 1 + Gm 2 = μ 1 + μ 2, where m 1 and m 2 are the masses of the two bodies. Then: for circular orbits, rv 2 = r 3 ω 2 = 4π 2 r 3 /T 2 = μ; for elliptic orbits, 4π 2 a 3 /T 2 = μ (with a expressed in AU; T in years and M the total mass relative to that of the Sun, we get a 3 /T 2 = M) for parabolic trajectories, rv 2 is constant and ...
The standard acceleration of gravity or standard acceleration of free fall, often called simply standard gravity and denoted by ɡ 0 or ɡ n, is the nominal gravitational acceleration of an object in a vacuum near the surface of the Earth. It is a constant defined by standard as 9.806 65 m/s 2 (about 32.174 05 ft/s 2).
The preliminary reference Earth model (PREM) plots the average of Earth's properties by depth. [1] It includes a table of Earth properties, including elastic properties, attenuation, density, pressure, and gravity. PREM has been widely used as the basis for seismic tomography and related global geophysical models. [2]
At a fixed point on the surface, the magnitude of Earth's gravity results from combined effect of gravitation and the centrifugal force from Earth's rotation. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] At different points on Earth's surface, the free fall acceleration ranges from 9.764 to 9.834 m/s 2 (32.03 to 32.26 ft/s 2 ), [ 4 ] depending on altitude , latitude , and ...
In 2019, 39 million km 2 (15 million sq mi) of Earth's land surface consisted of forest and woodlands, 12 million km 2 (4.6 million sq mi) was shrub and grassland, 40 million km 2 (15 million sq mi) were used for animal feed production and grazing, and 11 million km 2 (4.2 million sq mi) were cultivated as croplands. [270]
For example, at a radius of 6600 km (about 200 km above Earth's surface) J 3 /(J 2 r) is about 0.002; i.e., the correction to the "J 2 force" from the "J 3 term" is in the order of 2 permille. The negative value of J 3 implies that for a point mass in Earth's equatorial plane the gravitational force is tilted slightly towards the south due to ...
GeographicLib provides a utility GeoidEval (with source code) to evaluate the geoid height for the EGM84, EGM96, and EGM2008 Earth gravity models. Here is an online version of GeoidEval . The Tracker Component Library from the United States Naval Research Laboratory is a free Matlab library with a number of gravitational synthesis routines.