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Biguanide (/ b aɪ ˈ ɡ w ɒ n aɪ d /) is the organic compound with the formula HN(C(NH)NH 2) 2. It is a colorless solid that dissolves in water to give a highly basic solution. It is a colorless solid that dissolves in water to give a highly basic solution.
There is no more than 1 sigma bond between any two atoms. Molecules with rings have additional sigma bonds, such as benzene rings, which have 6 C−C sigma bonds within the ring for 6 carbon atoms. The anthracene molecule, C 14 H 10, has three rings so that the rule gives the number of sigma bonds as 24 + 3 − 1 = 26. In this case there are 16 ...
In organic chemistry, neighbouring group participation (NGP, also known as anchimeric assistance) has been defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) as the interaction of a reaction centre with a lone pair of electrons in an atom or the electrons present in a sigma or pi bond contained within the parent molecule but not conjugated with the reaction centre.
In hydrogen fluoride (HF), the hydrogen 1s orbital can mix with fluorine 2p z orbital to form a sigma bond because experimentally the energy of 1s of hydrogen is comparable with 2p of fluorine. The HF electron configuration 1σ 2 2σ 2 3σ 2 1π 4 reflects that the other electrons remain in three lone pairs and that the bond order is 1.
A [1,5] shift involves the shift of 1 substituent (hydride, alkyl, or aryl) down 5 atoms of a π system. Hydrogen has been shown to shift in both cyclic and open-chain compounds at temperatures at or above 200 ˚C. [4] These reactions are predicted to proceed suprafacially, via a Hückel-topology transition state. [1,5] hydride shift in a ...
Biphenyl (also known as diphenyl, phenylbenzene, 1,1′-biphenyl, lemonene [4] or BP) is an organic compound that forms colorless crystals. Particularly in older literature, compounds containing the functional group consisting of biphenyl less one hydrogen (the site at which it is attached) may use the prefixes xenyl or diphenylyl .
Linus Pauling proposed that the double bond in ethylene results from two equivalent tetrahedral orbitals from each atom, [5] which later came to be called banana bonds or tau bonds. [6] Erich Hückel proposed a representation of the double bond as a combination of a sigma bond plus a pi bond .
meta-Chlorophenylbiguanide (1-(3-Chlorophenylbiguanide, m-CPBG) is an allosteric agonist and modulator of the 5-HT 3 receptor [1] [2] [3] and an antagonist of the α 2A-adrenergic receptor. [4] It has anxiogenic , emetic and hypothermic effects in animal studies.