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The std::string type is the main string datatype in standard C++ since 1998, but it was not always part of C++. From C, C++ inherited the convention of using null-terminated strings that are handled by a pointer to their first element, and a library of functions that manipulate such strings.
The most vexing parse is a counterintuitive form of syntactic ambiguity resolution in the C++ programming language. In certain situations, the C++ grammar cannot distinguish between the creation of an object parameter and specification of a function's type. In those situations, the compiler is required to interpret the line as a function type ...
A classic example of a problem which a regular grammar cannot handle is the question of whether a given string contains correctly nested parentheses. (This is typically handled by a Chomsky Type 2 grammar, also termed a context-free grammar .)
size_t is an unsigned integer type used to represent the size of any object (including arrays) in the particular implementation. The operator sizeof yields a value of the type size_t . The maximum size of size_t is provided via SIZE_MAX , a macro constant which is defined in the < stdint.h > header ( cstdint header in C++).
A predictive parser is a recursive descent parser that does not require backtracking. [3] Predictive parsing is possible only for the class of LL grammars, which are the context-free grammars for which there exists some positive integer k that allows a recursive descent parser to decide which production to use by examining only the next k ...
Parsing a number, for example, can require five function calls: one for each non-terminal in the grammar until reaching primary. An operator-precedence parser can do the same more efficiently. [ 1 ] The idea is that we can left associate the arithmetic operations as long as we find operators with the same precedence, but we have to save a ...
Using big O notation, the worst case running time of CYK is (| |), where is the length of the parsed string and | | is the size of the CNF grammar (Hopcroft & Ullman 1979, p. 140). This makes it one of the most efficient [ citation needed ] parsing algorithms in terms of worst-case asymptotic complexity , although other algorithms exist with ...
The most common representation of a positive integer is a string of bits, using the binary numeral system. The order of the memory bytes storing the bits varies; see endianness. The width, precision, or bitness [3] of an integral type is the number of bits in its representation.