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The characteristics of REM sleep consistently contain a similar set of features. While dreaming, people regularly falsely believe that they are awake unless they implement lucidity. Dreams contain multimodal pseudo-perceptions; sometimes any or all sensory modalities are present, but most often visual and motoric. [9]
Dreaming is a state of the brain that is similar to yet different from the waking consciousness, and interaction and correlation between the two is necessary for optimal performance from both. One study conducted measuring brain activity via EEG used Hobson's AIM model to show that quantitatively dream consciousness is remarkably similar to ...
This includes the activation synthesis theory—the theory that dreams result from brain stem activation during REM sleep; the continual activation theory—the theory that dreaming is a result of activation and synthesis but dreams and REM sleep are controlled by different structures in the brain; and dreams as excitations of long-term memory ...
As such, it has several functions, which Jung explores in two major works: Man's Discovery of His Soul [C 1] and On the Interpretation of Dreams. [ E 1 ] According to Jacques Montanger, for Jung, the dream is "an organ of information and control with a dual function": [ 2 ] a compensatory and a prospective function, as well as being a ...
Two other neurotransmitters, orexin and gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), seem to promote wakefulness, diminish during deep sleep, and inhibit paradoxical sleep. [ 2 ] [ 25 ] Unlike the abrupt transitions in electrical patterns, the chemical changes in the brain show continuous periodic oscillation.
The most pronounced physiological changes in sleep occur in the brain. [10] The brain uses significantly less energy during sleep than it does when awake, especially during non-REM sleep. In areas with reduced activity, the brain restores its supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the molecule used for short-term storage and transport of ...
The content and function of dreams have been topics of scientific, philosophical and religious interest throughout recorded history. Dream interpretation , practiced by the Babylonians in the third millennium BCE [ 4 ] and even earlier by the ancient Sumerians , [ 5 ] [ 6 ] figures prominently in religious texts in several traditions, and has ...
Reverse learning is a neurobiological theory of dreams. [1] In 1983, in a paper [2] published in the science journal Nature, Crick and Mitchison's reverse learning model likened the process of dreaming to a computer in that it was "off-line" during dreaming or the REM phase of sleep.