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  2. X-ray diffraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffraction

    Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... Hemisphere of Diffraction. X-ray diffraction is a generic term for phenomena ... These scattering methods ...

  3. X-ray crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography

    The use of computational methods for the powder X-ray diffraction data analysis is now generalized. It typically compares the experimental data to the simulated diffractogram of a model structure, taking into account the instrumental parameters, and refines the structural or microstructural parameters of the model using least squares based ...

  4. X-ray scattering techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_scattering_techniques

    X-ray diffraction, sometimes called Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) probes structure in the nanometer to micrometer range by measuring scattering intensity at scattering angles 2θ close to 0°. X-ray reflectivity is an analytical technique for determining thickness, roughness, and density of single layer ...

  5. International Centre for Diffraction Data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Centre_for...

    Advances in X-ray Analysis—Technical articles on x-ray methods and analyses; Powder Diffraction Journal—quarterly journal published by the JCPDS-International Centre for Diffraction Data through the Cambridge University Press; Denver X-ray Conference—World's largest X-ray conference on the latest advancements in XRD and XRF; PPXRD-16 ...

  6. Clay mineral X-ray diffraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_Mineral_X-Ray_Diffraction

    Typically, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an average of randomly oriented microcrystals that should equally represent all crystal orientation if a large enough sample is present. X-rays are directed at the sample while slowly rotated that produce a diffraction pattern that shows intensity of x-rays collected at different angles. Randomly ...

  7. Direct methods (electron microscopy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_methods_(electron...

    Called the "Squaring Method," a key concept of the Sayre equation is that squaring the electron-density function (for X-ray diffraction) or crystal potential function (for electron diffraction) results in a function that resembles the original un-squared function of identical and resolved peaks. By doing so, it reinforces atom-like features of ...

  8. List of chemical analysis methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_analysis...

    Download as PDF; Printable version; ... A list of chemical analysis methods with acronyms. A. Atomic absorption ... X-ray diffraction (XRD) X-ray fluorescence ...

  9. Isomorphous replacement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomorphous_replacement

    Isomorphous replacement (IR) is historically the most common approach to solving the phase problem in X-ray crystallography studies of proteins.For protein crystals this method is conducted by soaking the crystal of a sample to be analyzed with a heavy atom solution or co-crystallization with the heavy atom.