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An animated cut away diagram of a typical fuel injector. Fuel injectors are used to spray controlled amounts fuel into an internal combustion engine. A solenoid is activated when fuel is intended to be delivered to the engine causing the plunger to become pulled toward the solenoid by magnetic force. This uncovers the valve opening allowing ...
These valves are mounted on the outlet fittings of the fuel injection pump, one per cylinder injector. They are always mounted at the pump end of the pipes between the pump and injectors. The check valve aspect is a conical valve or 'mitre valve', [i] held against a matching conical seat by a spring. As these valves must work at high pressure ...
A separate cam on the camshaft (as seen in Fig. 5 and on the two-cylinder Johann-Weitzer-engine on the right) would activate the injection valve so the compressed air would then press the fuel into the combustion chamber. Before the injection valve opens, neither fuel nor compressed air can enter the combustion chamber. [16]
The term fuel injection is vague and comprises various distinct systems with fundamentally different functional principles. The only thing all fuel injection systems have in common is the absence of carburetion. There are two main functional principles of mixture formation systems for internal combustion engines: internal and external.
Common rail fuel system on a Volvo truck engine. In 1916 Vickers pioneered the use of mechanical common rail systems in G-class submarine engines. For every 90° of rotation, four plunger pumps allowed a constant injection pressure of 3,000 pounds per square inch (210 bar; 21 MPa), with fuel delivery to individual cylinders being shut off by valves in the injector lines. [1]
Injection phase Partway through the pump stroke, the solenoid is energized, which closes the spill valve. The fuel is forced into the cylinder through the spray tip. Pressure reduction phase Toward the end of the pump stroke, the spill valve is re-opened, allowing the fuel to recirculate again and ending the injection phase.
Early Lucas electronic diesel unit injector. A unit injector (UI) is a high-pressure integrated direct fuel injection system for diesel engines, combining the injector nozzle and the injection pump in a single component. The plunger pump used is usually driven by a shared camshaft. In a unit injector, the device is typically lubricated and ...
A process flow diagram (PFD) is a diagram commonly used in chemical and process engineering to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment. The PFD displays the relationship between major equipment of a plant facility and does not show minor details such as piping details and designations.