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In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the Post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery .
In English and other languages like Spanish—although the usual order of names is "first middle last"—for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to "last, first middle," with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.
Internet Medieval Sourcebook Project Primary source archive of the Middle Ages. The Online Reference Book of Medieval Studies Academic peer reviewed articles. Medieval Knights Medieval Knights is a medieval educational resource site geared to students and medieval enthusiasts. The Labyrinth Resources for Medieval Studies.
In Western culture, nearly all individuals possess at least one given name (also known as a first name, forename, or Christian name), together with a surname (also known as a last name or family name). In the name "James Smith", for example, James is the first name and Smith is the surname.
Lombardic capitals is the name given to a type of decorative uppercase letter used in inscriptions and, typically, at the start of a section of text in medieval manuscripts. [1] They are characterized by their rounded forms with thick, curved stems. Paul Shaw describes the style as a "relative" of uncial writing. [2]
In most cases, the names are "one-off" Latinized forms produced by adding the genitive endings -ii or -i for a man, -ae for a woman, or -orum in plural, to a family name, thereby creating a Latinized form. For example, a name such as Macrochelys temminckii notionally represents a latinization of the family name of Coenraad Jacob Temminck to ...
A dot at the baseline after a capital letter may stand for a title if it is used such as in front of names or a person's name in medieval legal documents. However, not all sigla use the beginning of the word. Exceptions: sigla not using the first letter of the abbreviated word. For plural words, the siglum is often doubled: F. = frater and FF ...
A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name [1] that identifies a person, potentially with a middle name as well, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a family or clan) who have a common surname.