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The telescopes shown on this comparison chart are listed below, ordered in each sub-section by (effective) mirror/lens area, low to high, and then by actual/planned first light date, old to new. The "present-day" status is given as of the beginning of 2024. See also List of largest optical reflecting telescopes.
Comparison of nominal sizes of apertures of some notable optical telescopes For the largest reflecting telescopes on the planet, the horizontal indicates the year built and the vertical direction indicates the size of the mirror measured in meters. Countries which contain several of these telescopes are color-coded for identification.
Refracting telescopes use a lens to focus light. The Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope , with a lens diameter of 43 inches, is technically the largest, with 39 inches clear for the aperture.The second largest refracting telescope in the world is the Yerkes Observatory 40 inch (102 cm) refractor, used for astronomical and scientific observation for ...
Hale Telescope Palomar Obs. 200 inch 508 cm 1949 USA: Hooker Telescope Mount Wilson Obs. 100 inch 254 cm 1917 USA: McDonald Obs. 82 inch i.e. Otto Struve Telescope: 82 inch 208 cm 1939 USA: David Dunlap Observatory: 74 inch 188 cm 1935 Canada: Plaskett telescope Dominion Astrophysical Obs. 72 inch 182 cm 1918 Canada: 69-inch Perkins Telescope [10]
Primary lens: The objective of a refracting telescope. Primary mirror: The objective of a reflecting telescope. Corrector plate: A full aperture negative lens placed before a primary mirror designed to correct the optical aberrations of the mirror. Schmidt corrector plate: An aspheric-shaped corrector plate used in the Schmidt telescope.
Ultimately, a valid comparison between two telescopes must take into consideration more specifications, when a general measurement becomes obtuse. Aperture of the primary mirror alone can be poor measure of a reflective telescope's significance; for example, the Hubble Space Telescope has only a 2.4 metres (94 in) primary mirror. In addition ...
A reflecting telescope by James Short; this English telescope maker produced almost 1400 Gregorian reflectors in the mid-1700s. Mobile versions were used to observe the Transit of Venus . List of largest optical telescopes in the 18th century includes various refractors and reflectors that were active some time between about 1699 to 1801.
Two-element refracting telescopes were extensively used in 19th century observatories despite their smaller apertures than metal, and later glass, mirror telescopes. The technology for silver-coating glass mirrors, more reflective than speculum metal and not subject to tarnishing, was developed in the mid-19th century but was slow to be adopted.