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Relationship of the atmosphere and ionosphere. The ionosphere (/ aɪ ˈ ɒ n ə ˌ s f ɪər /) [1] [2] is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, [3] a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar ...
The ionosphere is a region of the upper atmosphere, from about 80 km (50 miles) to 1000 km (600 miles) in altitude, where neutral air is ionized by solar photons, solar particles, and cosmic rays. When high-frequency signals enter the ionosphere at a low angle they are bent back towards the Earth by the ionized layer. [ 1 ]
By 1960, the credit union grew to serve over 70,000 members and had assets of almost $25 million. [7] By 2022, State Employees' Credit Union had grown to over $53.1 Billion in assets and 2.7 million members. This made State Employees' the second largest credit union in the United States in terms of assets and membership. Total membership ...
Consequently, the ionosphere consists of a rapid increase in density of free electrons, beginning at ~70 km, reaching a peak at ~300 km, and then falling off again as the atmosphere disappears entirely by ~1,000 km. Various aspects of HAARP can study all of the main layers of the ionosphere.
SpaceX’s rocket explosion in November 2023 created a massive hole in the Earth's ionosphere, providing scientists with a rare opportunity to study its effects.
The American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME) is the largest trade union of public employees in the United States. [2] It represents 1.3 million [ 1 ] public sector employees and retirees, including health care workers, corrections officers, sanitation workers, police officers, firefighters, [ 3 ] and childcare ...
Service Employees International Union, Local 32BJ (often shortened to SEIU 32BJ, 32BJ SEIU or just 32BJ), is a branch of Service Employees International Union headquartered in New York City which mainly represents building workers (maintenance, custodial, janitorial, window cleaners) and has about 150,000 members in ten northeastern states, Washington, D.C., Florida and other parts of the ...
For a specified geographic location, time, and date, IRI provides average monthly values for electron density, electron temperature and ion temperature, and the molecular composition of the ions in the range of altitudes from 50 km to 2000 km. [1] The latest standard is IRI-2012. [1] [2] A new version, IRI-2016, has since been released. [3]