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[3] [4] He was also known as Bacchus (/ ˈ b æ k ə s / or / ˈ b ɑː k ə s /; Ancient Greek: Βάκχος Bacchos) by the Greeks (a name later adopted by the Romans) for a frenzy he is said to induce called baccheia. [5] As Dionysus Eleutherius ("the liberator"), his wine, music, and ecstatic dance free his followers from self-conscious ...
Pietro della Vecchia, Tiresias transformed into a woman, 17th century.. In Greek mythology, Tiresias (/ t aɪ ˈ r iː s i ə s /; Ancient Greek: Τειρεσίας, romanized: Teiresías) was a blind prophet of Apollo in Thebes, famous for clairvoyance and for being transformed into a woman for seven years.
The Derveni krater, height: 90.5 cm (35 ½ in.), 4th century BC. The Dionysian Mysteries of mainland Greece and the Roman Empire are thought to have evolved from a more primitive initiatory cult of unknown origin (perhaps Thracian or Phrygian) which had spread throughout the Mediterranean region by the start of the Classical Greek period.
Dionysus punished Agave by driving her insane, and in that condition, she killed her son and tore him to pieces. From Thebes, Dionysus went to Argos where all the women except the daughters of King Proetus joined in his worship. Dionysus punished them by driving them mad, and they killed the infants who were nursing at their breasts.
Dionysus has been dubbed "a patron god of hermaphrodites and transvestites" by Roberto C. Ferrari in the 2002 Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Culture. [69] He is referred to as effeminate, which is sometimes linked to his being dressed in girl's clothes during his childhood.
In addition, Dionysus is known as Lyaeus ("he who unties") as a god of relaxation and freedom from worry and as Oeneus, he is the god of the wine press. In the Greek pantheon, Dionysus (along with Zeus) absorbs the role of Sabazios, a Phrygian deity. In the Roman pantheon, Sabazius became an alternate name for Bacchus. [14]
Alma-Tadema accurately recreates on his canvas the events recounted by Plutarch, in his book Moralia: "At the time when usurpers from Phocis seized the sanctuary of Delphi and the Thebans declared the so-called sacred war on them, the women in the service of Dionysus, who are called the maenads, in a trance and wandering at night, did not ...
Its author is now known as Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite. [5] A minority of scholars, including Romanian theologian Dumitru Stăniloae, [6] argue in favor of authenticity citing internal historical details and the existence of explicit citations of Dionysius predating Proclus by writers such as Dionysius of Alexandria and Gregory Nazianzus. [7]