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In constitutional terms, the Past Reserves as a legal term refers to such reserves as existed before the sitting government came into office (the most recent handover being 15 May 2024). The president's discretion to withhold access to the Past Reserves is intended as a "second key" [3] [4] to ensure financial stability and restrain waste of ...
SSBs are not transferable, but the fact that they can be redeemed in any month for the face value of the bond plus accrued interest eliminates the interest-rate risk which is inherent in an ordinary bond (if interest rates rise, an ordinary bond loses value). The bonds are guaranteed by the government of Singapore.
Therefore, if interest rates fall and bond prices rise, a firm will benefit from the sinking fund provision that enables it to repurchase its bonds at below-market prices. In this case, the firm's gain is the bondholder's loss – thus callable bonds will typically be issued at a higher coupon rate, reflecting the value of the option.
Japan's reserves are diversified and consist of a mix of foreign currency assets (such as US dollars, euros, and other major currencies), government bonds, gold, and Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The bulk of Japan's reserves are in the form of foreign government bonds, primarily in US Treasury ...
Singapore's debts are under the responsibility of MAS. As of 2022, the Singapore Government debt exceeds the country's GDP at about 150%. However, these are not net debts, but gross external debts, which can be traced to the debt liabilities in Singapore's banking sector—a reflection of the country's stature as a major global financial hub.
Spandeck Engineering v Defence Science and Technology Agency [2007] SGCA 37 was a landmark decision in Singapore law. [1] [2] It established a new framework for establishing a duty of care, differentiating the Singaporean law of tort from past English common law precedent such as Caparo v Dickman and Anns v Merton, whilst also allowing for claims in pure economic loss, which are generally not ...
GIC Private Limited is a Singaporean sovereign wealth fund that manages the country's foreign reserves.Established by the Government of Singapore in 1981 as the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation, from which the acronym "GIC" is derived, its mission is to preserve and enhance the international purchasing power of the reserves, with the aim to achieve good long-term returns above ...
For instance, when rates fall, the rate of prepayments will probably rise and the duration of the MBS will also fall, which is entirely the opposite behavior to a vanilla bond. For this reason, effective duration D e {\displaystyle D_{e}} is a better single-figure measure of interest-rate sensitivity, where