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The Mare Tranquillitatis pit has been associated with a lava tube. Lunar lava tubes are lava tubes on the Moon formed during the eruption of basaltic lava flows. When the surface of a lava flow cools, it hardens and the lava can channel beneath the surface in a tube-shaped passage. Once the flow of lava diminishes, the tube may drain, forming a ...
Three types of rille are found on the lunar surface: Sinuous rilles meander in a curved path like a mature river, and are commonly thought to be the remains of collapsed lava tubes or extinct lava flows. They usually begin at an extinct volcano, then meander and sometimes split as they are followed across the surface.
[43] [44] An area displaying a lava tube is the Marius Hills region. [45] In 2008, an opening to a lava tube in this area may have been discovered by the Japanese Kaguya spacecraft. [46] The skylight was photographed in more detail in 2011 by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, showing both the 65-meter-wide pit and the floor of the pit about ...
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A lunar lava cave potential has long been suggested and discussed in literature and thesis. [27] Any intact lava tube on the Moon could serve as a shelter from the severe environment of the lunar surface, with its frequent meteorite impacts, high-energy ultraviolet radiation and energetic particles, and extreme diurnal temperature variations.
The pit was created by a lunar lava tube, and is currently the deepest known lunar pit with a radius of at least 100 meters (328 feet). The lunar feature is notable for being the first lunar cave proven to exist beyond theoretical frameworks, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and of being direct evidence of the existence of natural lunar shelter that could ...
An abundance of domes, cones, and volcanic rilles and channels is characteristic of the Marius Hills. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter photographed a pit that could be a skylight in a lava tube, indicating that part of its roof has collapsed, as often happens after lava tubes cease to be active.
Archaeologists found human remains in the lava tubes of the Arabian Peninsula, offering new insights into the mysterious lives of ancient herders.