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Lung cancer is the most diagnosed and deadliest cancer worldwide, with 2.2 million cases in 2020 resulting in 1.8 million deaths. [3] Lung cancer is rare in those younger than 40; the average age at diagnosis is 70 years, and the average age at death 72. [2] Incidence and outcomes vary widely across the world, depending on patterns of tobacco use.
A graphic image eg. cut open body showing lung cancer; Description of the image; On the sides: Explanatory message of complications caused by tobacco eg. Tobacco contains 250 poisonous chemicals. These poisons damage vital organs of the body, causing cancer, stroke, lung damage, and other such painful illnesses.
Acinar adenocarcinoma of the lung is a highly lethal disease. Overall, the five-year survival rates approximate 16% to 22%. Generally, survival is better in all stages for patients with the acinar (or papillary) pattern than it is in patients with the solid pattern, but considerably worse than those with the bronchioloalveolar pattern.
Approximately 98% of lung cancers are carcinoma, a term describing malignancies derived from transformed cells exhibiting characteristics of epithelium. About 2% of all lung cancers are non-carcinoma (mainly sarcoma, tumors of hematopoietic origin, or germ cell tumors. [5] These forms of lung cancer are usually treated differently from carcinomas.
The incidence of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma has been reported to vary from 4–24% of all lung cancer patients. [23] An analysis of Surveillance epidemiology and End results registry ( SEER) by Read et al. revealed that although the incidence of BAC has increased over the past two decade it still constitutes less than 4% of NSCLC in every ...
A pneumonectomy (or pneumectomy) is a surgical procedure to remove a lung. It was first successfully performed in 1933 by Dr. Evarts Graham. This is not to be confused with a lobectomy or segmentectomy, which only removes one part of the lung. There are two types of pneumonectomy: simple and extrapleural. A simple pneumonectomy removes just the ...
Common cancer types that are associated with hypercalcemia of malignancy include: Solid tumor with metastasis via local osteolytic hypercalcemia: which can be due to any tumor that metastasizes to the bone. But common causes include breast cancer, lung cancer, kidney cancer, and myeloma or lymphoma of the bone [22]
Chemotherapy for NSCLC usually includes combination of two drugs (chemotherapy doublet), with one of the agents is cisplatin or carboplatin. In 2002, Schiller at al. published in the New England Journal of Medicine, a study that compared four chemotherapy regimens for advanced NSCLC, cisplatin and paclitaxel, cisplatin and gemcitabine, cisplatin and docetaxel, and carboplatin and paclitaxel. [14]