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The word pronoia could refer to the grant itself (land, for instance), its monetary value, or the income it produced. [1] Although pronoia was often used to reward military service or other loyalties, it carried no specific military obligation (in contrast to feudal fiefs), although the threat of revocation provided coercive power for the state.
The allagion (Greek: ἀλλάγιον) was a Byzantine military term designating a military unit of 50-400 soldiers. It first appeared in the mid-to-late 10th century, and by the 13th century had become the most frequent term used for the Byzantine army's standing regiments, persisting until the late 14th century.
The themes or thémata (Greek: θέματα, thémata, singular: θέμα, théma) were the main military and administrative divisions of the middle Byzantine Empire.They were established in the mid-7th century in the aftermath of the Slavic migrations to Southeastern Europe and Muslim conquests of parts of Byzantine territory, and replaced the earlier provincial system established by ...
Byzantium and Its Army, 284–1081. Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-3163-2. Trombley, Frank (1997). "The Taktika of Nikephoros Ouranos and Military Encyclopaedism". Pre-modern Encyclopaedic Texts: Proceedings of the Second COMERS Congress, Groningen, 1–4 July 1996. BRILL. pp. 261– 274. ISBN 90-04-10830-0
1143–1180) married his daughter Maria Komnene to Renier of Montferrat, who was granted the city of Thessalonica to rule as a pronoia. Because of this family connection, Renier's brother Boniface , a leading figure in the Fourth Crusade , could claim and conquer the " Kingdom of Thessalonica " in 1204.
After 1204, the Byzantine Empire was partitioned into various successor states, with the Latin Empire in control of Constantinople. Following the Fourth Crusade, the Byzantine Empire had fractured into the Greek successor-states of Nicaea, Epirus, and Trebizond, with a multitude of Frankish and Latin possessions occupying the remainder, nominally subject to the Latin Emperors at Constantinople.
Europa Universalis IV is a 2013 grand strategy video game in the Europa Universalis series, developed by Paradox Development Studio and published by Paradox Interactive as a sequel to Europa Universalis III (2007). [1] The game was released on 13 August 2013 for Windows, OS X, and Linux.
[1] Andronikos was acclaimed co-emperor in 1261, after his father Michael VIII recovered Constantinople from the Latin Empire, but he was not crowned until 8 November 1272. [1] During their joint rule, he was compelled to support his father's unpopular Church union with the Papacy. Made sole emperor by Michael's death in 1282, Andronikos ...