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In social theory, reflexivity may occur when theories in a discipline should apply equally to the discipline itself; for example, in the case that the theories of knowledge construction in the field of sociology of scientific knowledge should apply equally to knowledge construction by sociology of scientific knowledge practitioners, or when the subject matter of a discipline should apply ...
In Buddhist philosophy, svasaṃvedana (also svasaṃvitti) is a term which refers to the self-reflexive nature of consciousness, [1] that is, the awareness of being aware. It was initially a theory of cognition held by the Mahasamghika and Sautrantika schools while the Sarvastivada - Vaibhasika school argued against it.
In Marxist philosophy, a character mask (German: Charaktermaske) is a prescribed social role which conceals the contradictions of a social relation or order. The term was used by Karl Marx in published writings from the 1840s to the 1860s, and also by Friedrich Engels .
Unlike the term reflectivism, the concept of "reflexivity" has wide currency outside of international relations, having come to prominence in social theory in the latter part of the 20th century. [5] Reflexivity refers to the ways in which elements and phenomena in social life have the capacity to "fold in on", or be "directed towards ...
Nondualism includes a number of philosophical and spiritual traditions that emphasize the absence of fundamental duality or separation in existence. [1] This viewpoint questions the boundaries conventionally imposed between self and other, mind and body, observer and observed, [2] and other dichotomies that shape our perception of reality.
In this sense, each human participates in a process whereby the universe differentiates into parts and becomes conscious of itself, making the process reflexive. Donald Price and James Barrell write that, according to reflexive monism, experience and matter are two complementary (first- and third-person viewable) sides of the same reality, and ...
[87] Another notable example comes from Christof Koch (a neuroscientist and one of the leading proponents of Integrated Information Theory) in his popular science book The Feeling of Life Itself. In the early pages of the book, Koch describes eliminativism as the "metaphysical counterpart to Cotard's syndrome, a psychiatric condition in which ...
Third is the illusion or realist theories, for example from Alan Paskow. The illusion theories deny premise 3 and claim that, in a way, the fictional characters are real. They suggest that Samuel Taylor Coleridge was right in saying that fiction involves a "willing suspension of disbelief", i.e. believing in the fiction while engaging with it.