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The Bosporan Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus (Ancient Greek: Βασιλεία τοῦ Κιμμερικοῦ Βοσπόρου, romanized: Basileía tou Kimmerikou Bospórou; Latin: Regnum Bospori), was an ancient Greco-Scythian state located in eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula on the shores of the Cimmerian Bosporus, centered in the present-day Strait of Kerch.
The Bosporan kings were the rulers of the Bosporan Kingdom, an ancient Hellenistic Greco-Scythian state centered on the Kerch Strait (the Cimmerian Bosporus) and ruled from the city of Panticapaeum. Panticapaeum was founded in the 7th or 6th century BC; the earliest known king of the Bosporus is Archaeanax , who seized control of the city c ...
The Roman–Bosporan War was a lengthy war of succession that took place in the Cimmerian Bosporus, probably from 45 to 49.It was fought between the Roman client-king Tiberius Julius Cotys I and his allies King Eunones of the Aorsi and the Roman commander Gaius Julius Aquila against the former king Tiberius Julius Mithridates and his ally King Zorsines of the Siraces.
Bosporan coin troves from the early 4th century throughout the territory of the kingdom are likely connected to the activity of Iranian Sarmatian and Alan tribes in the region; the increasing power and influence of these tribes suggest that Rhescuporis VI might have been overthrown by a Sarmatian or Alan tribal leader. [1]
Sometime between 27 and 17 BC, Augustus formally recognised Asander as king of Bosporan Kingdom. According to Strabo, Asander blocked the isthmus of the Chersonesus ( Chersonesus Tauricus , modern Crimea ) near Lake Maeotis (the Sea of Azov ) with a wall which was 360 stadia long ( 53 kilometres, 35 miles) and had ten towers for every stadium.
Bosporan Kingdom — located in eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula, on the Black Sea, Strait of Kerch, and Sea of Azov. It was an independent kingdom (438–107 BCE); subject to the Kingdom of Pontus (107–63 BCE); and a Client Kingdom of the Roman Empire (63 BCE – 370 CE).
The name of the strait comes from the Ancient Greek Βόσπορος (Bósporos), which was folk-etymologised as βοὸς πόρος, i.e. "cattle strait" (like "Ox-ford" [b]), from the genitive of boûs βοῦς 'ox, cattle' + poros πόρος 'passage', thus meaning 'cattle-passage', or 'cow passage'. [7]
Coin of Rhescuporis III with the Bosporan era date Κ Φ (i.e., 520, which is AD 223/4) below the effigy. [1]The Bosporan era (BE or AB), [a] also called the Bithynian era, Pontic era or Bithyno-Pontic era, [b] was a calendar era (year numbering) used from 149 BC at the latest until at least AD 497 in Asia Minor and the Black Sea region.