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Legionella is a genus of gram-negative bacteria that can be seen using a silver stain or grown in a special media that contains cysteine, an amino acid.It is known to cause legionellosis [3] (all illnesses caused by Legionella) including a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mild flu-like illness called Pontiac fever. [3]
Legionnaires' disease is a form of atypical pneumonia caused by any species of Legionella bacteria, [3] quite often Legionella pneumophila. Signs and symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, high fever, muscle pains, and headaches. [2] Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur. [1] This often begins 2–10 days after exposure. [2]
Suboptimal timing of specimen shipment for testing at reference laboratories may contribute to silver concentration above recommendations. [2] Industry leaders who manufacture copper-silver ionization technology recommend a copper concentration of 0.2 to 0.8 ppm and a silver concentration of 10 to 80 ppb , which are compliant with EPA drinking ...
Legionella pneumophila, the primary causative agent for Legionnaire's disease, is an aerobic, pleomorphic, flagellated, non-spore-forming, Gram-negative bacterium. [1] [2] L. pneumophila is a intracellular parasite that preferentially infects soil amoebae and freshwater protozoa for replication.
Legionella anisa is a Gram-negative bacterium, one of more than 40 species in the family Legionellaceae. After Legionella pneumophila , this species has been isolated most frequently from water samples.
Legionella rubrilucens is a Gram-negative bacterium from the genus Legionella which was isolated from tap water in Los Angeles, hot spring water in Niigata in Japan, and a patient who suffered from pneumonia.
Legionella taurinensis is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive bacterium from the genus Legionella with a single polar flagellum which was isolated from a water from a hospital oxygen bubble humidifier in Turin in Italy. [3] [4] [5]
Legionella erythra is a Gram-negative bacterium from the genus Legionella which was isolated from cooling-tower water in Seattle. [3] [4] [5] References