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The modern fragmentation grenade was developed during the 20th century. The Mills bomb, first adopted in 1915 by the British army, is an early fragmentation grenade used in World War I. The Mk 2 grenade was a fragmentation grenade adopted by the American military based on the Mills bomb, and was in use during World War II. [6]
The SD series was used primarily in two roles that were determined by the type of fuze and accessories fitted to the bomb. The first was as a fragmentation bomb with instantaneous fuze and when the bombs exploded above ground the case created large fragments which would kill enemy personnel and destroy unarmored vehicles.
Some bombs are equipped with a parachute, such as the World War II "parafrag" (an 11 kg (24 lb) fragmentation bomb), the Vietnam War-era daisy cutters, and the bomblets of some modern cluster bombs. Parachutes slow the bomb's descent, giving the dropping aircraft time to get to a safe distance from the explosion.
A thermobaric weapon, also called an aerosol bomb, or a vacuum bomb, [1] is a type of explosive munition that works by dispersing an aerosol cloud of gas, liquid or powdered explosive. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The fuel is usually a single compound, rather than a mixture of multiple substances. [ 4 ]
Formation of an EFP warhead. USAF Research Laboratory.. An explosively formed penetrator (EFP), also known as an explosively formed projectile, a self-forging warhead, or a self-forging fragment, is a special type of shaped charge designed to penetrate armor effectively, from a much greater standoff range than standard shaped charges, which are more limited by standoff distance.
Wings rotate as bomb falls, unscrewing the arming spindle connected to the fuze. The first significantly operationally used [3] cluster bomb was the German SD-2 or Sprengbombe Dickwandig 2 kg, commonly referred to as the Butterfly Bomb. [4] It was used in World War II to attack both civilian and military targets, [5] [6] including on Tokyo and ...
Diagram of a British, 250 lb General-Purpose Bomb Mark 1, used during the early part of World War 2. A general-purpose bomb is an air-dropped bomb intended as a compromise between blast damage, penetration, and fragmentation in explosive effect.
A bomb-making workshop discovered by Israeli Defense Forces in 2002, containing a large collection of nuts, bolts, and ball bearings to be used as shrapnel. Antipersonnel IEDs typically also contain fragmentation-generating objects such as nails, ball bearings or even small rocks to cause wounds at greater distances than blast pressure alone could.