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Under single-winner plurality voting, and in systems based on single-member districts, plurality voting is called single member [district] plurality (SMP), [2] [3] which is widely known as "first-past-the-post". In SMP/FPTP the leading candidate, whether or not they have a majority of votes, is elected. [4]
For example, if from 100 votes that were cast, 45 were for candidate A, 30 were for candidate B and 25 were for candidate C, then candidate A received a plurality of votes but not a majority. In some election contests, the winning candidate or proposition may need only a plurality, depending on the rules of the organization holding the vote. [3]
A two-party system is most common under plurality voting.Voters typically cast one vote per race. Maurice Duverger argued there were two main mechanisms by which plurality voting systems lead to fewer major parties: (i) small parties are disincentivized to form because they have great difficulty winning seats or representation, and (ii) voters are wary of voting for a smaller party whose ...
Plurality block voting: American Samoa: Senate: Upper chamber of legislature Elected by county councils House of Representatives: Lower chamber of legislature First-past-the-post (14 seats) Plurality block voting (6 seats) Anguilla: House of Assembly: Unicameral legislature First-past-the-post (7 seats) Plurality block voting (4 seats) Attorney ...
The simplest, known as "plurality," has historically been the default, and still dominates as the voting method for U.S. public elections. Plurality allows each voter only to vote for a single ...
In the 1975 general elections for governor in the U.S. between 1948 and 2011, 90% of winners received more than 50% of the vote, 99% received more than 40%, and all received more than 35%. [52] Duverger's law holds that plurality elections do not generally create a proliferation of minor candidacies with significant vote shares. [52]
First-past-the-post (FPTP)—also called choose-one, first-preference plurality (FPP), or simply plurality—is a single-winner voting rule. Voters mark one candidate as their favorite, or first-preference , and the candidate with the most first-preference marks (a plurality ) is elected, regardless of whether they have over half of votes (a ...
The state Legislature applied to the federal government for waivers to lower the income limit to 100% of the federal poverty level, which curtailed the expansion voters approved.