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The uniqueness of the Sami gene pool has made it one of the most extensively studied genetic populations in the world. The most frequent Sami MtDNA (female) haplotype is U5b1b1 comprising nearly half of all haplotypes, with type V in around the same quantities, with some minor D, H and Z. [10]
However, reindeer herding has a more prominent economic role in the local communities of the north. Siida s are governed like stock companies, where the reindeer-holders elect a board of directors and a chief executive officer ( poroisäntä , 'reindeer master') every three years, voting with as many votes as they have reindeer.
Sámi reindeer herders of the Lapland-Yukon Relief Expedition, 1898, Seattle. The government was once again forced to find new forms of food in Alaska, after the discovery of gold and the Klondike Gold Rush brought more people to the region than the already strained and sparse infrastructure could sustain. [ 2 ]
There are some differences between the Scandinavian Siidas and the North American Sami Siida. The Scandinavian Sami siida system covers a whole range of Sami culture and economic interests, such as pastoral rights for reindeer herding, geography, and varied economic agreements, and describes a legal definition of varying degrees within each of the Scandinavian countries.
(2007), made for the United Nations, a documentary about land rights disputes in Finnish Lapland [210] The Sami (Saamelainen) (2007), a Mushkeg Media documentary about the state of aboriginal languages [211] Wolf (2008), an examination of how the traditions of the Sámi villagers in northern Sweden are confronted with modern-day society [212]
The region stretches over four countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia.To the north, it is bounded by the Barents Sea, Norwegian Sea, and White Sea. [2] [3] Lapland (/ ˈ l æ p l æ n d /) has been a historical term for areas inhabited by the Sami based on the older term "Lapp" for its inhabitants, a term which is now considered outdated or pejorative. [4]
Up to around 1500, the Sami were mainly fishermen and trappers, usually in a combination, leading a nomadic lifestyle decided by the migrations of the reindeer. Traditionally, Sami people engaged in fishing, trapping and herding reindeer. They have traditionally organized their societies differently from the Finns due to their nomadic lifestyle.
In eastern parts of Sápmi, reindeer herding became a way of life in the 19th century and, before that, people were hunters and fishers. These days reindeer is essential for Sámi cuisine, but game, fish and wild birds are also important. The cuisine of Sápmi consists of a variety of dishes which stem from differences in geography, culture and ...