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[1] [4] [5] It contains ipratropium (an anticholinergic) and salbutamol (albuterol, a β 2-adrenergic agonist). [1] Common side effects include sore throat, muscle cramps, and nausea. [1] Other side effects may include bronchospasm, allergic reactions, and upper respiratory tract infections. [1] Safety in pregnancy is unclear. [6] [1]
Albuterol increases energy expenditure by 10-15 percent at a therapeutic dose for asthma and around 25 percent at a higher, oral dose. In several human studies, albuterol increased lean body mass, reduced fat mass, and caused lipolysis; it has been studied for use as an anti-obesity and anti-muscle wasting medication when taken orally. [50] [51]
A 2013 systematic review of the drug's use as a treatment for acute asthma found that it "was not superior to albuterol regarding efficacy and safety in subjects with acute asthma." The review concluded: "We suggest that levalbuterol should not be used over albuterol for acute asthma." [2] Levalbuterol is notably more costly. [4] [5]
In medicine, a nebulizer (American English) [1] or nebuliser (British English) [2] is a drug delivery device used to administer medication in the form of a mist inhaled into the lungs. Nebulizers are commonly used for the treatment of asthma , cystic fibrosis , COPD and other respiratory diseases or disorders.
Pulmonary drug delivery is mainly utilized for topical applications in the lungs, such as the use of inhaled beta-agonists, corticosteroids and anticholinergic agents for the treatment of asthma and COPD, the use of inhaled mucolytics and antibiotics for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CT) and respiratory viral infections, [1] and the use of inhaled prostacyclin analogs for the treatment of ...
What are the possible side effects of taking expired vitamins? “There isn’t a promise that the vitamin will pack a full punch if you take it after the expiration date, but there aren’t any ...
Salbutamol or albuterol and some other β 2 agonists, such as formoterol, also are sold in a solution form for nebulization, which is more commonly used than inhalers in emergency rooms. [9] Nebulizers continuously deliver aerosolized drug and salbutamol delivered through nebulizer was found to be more effective than IV administration. [10]
It is supplied in a canister for use in an inhaler or in single dose vials for use in a nebulizer. [17] It is also used to treat and prevent minor and moderate bronchial asthma, especially asthma that is accompanied by cardiovascular system diseases, as it has been shown to produce fewer cardiovascular side effects. [18]