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Maleic anhydride is a classic substrate for Diels-Alder reactions. [9] It was used for work in 1928, on the reaction between maleic anhydride and 1,3-butadiene, for which Otto Paul Hermann Diels and Kurt Alder were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1950. It is through this reaction that maleic anhydride is converted to many pesticides and pharmaceuticals.
In another process, maleic anhydride is first opened with water or another alcohol to form maleic acid and is then reacted with DCPD where an alcohol from the maleic acid reacts across one of the double bonds of the DCPD. This product is then used to end-cap the UPR resin which yields a product with unsaturation on the end-groups.
In industry, maleic acid is derived by hydrolysis of maleic anhydride, the latter being produced by oxidation of benzene or butane. [4] Maleic acid is an industrial raw material for the production of glyoxylic acid by ozonolysis. [8] Maleic acid may be used to form acid addition salts with drugs to make them more stable, such as indacaterol ...
2,3-Dimethylmaleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 C 2 (CO) 2 O. [1] It is related to maleic anhydride (MA) by replacement of the two CH units with CCH 3 groups. The compound can be prepared from two eqiuvalents of MA in the presence of 2-aminopyridine followed by treatment with sulfuric acid.
Chemical structure of an alkylsuccinic anhydride derived from octadecene. Maleic anhydride undergoes the Alder-ene reaction with alkenes to give alkenylsuccinic anhydrides. Such compounds are sizing agents in the paper industry. In this role, the anhydride is proposed to form an ester with the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose fibers. [8]
The naphthalene route (the Gibbs phthalic anhydride process or the Gibbs–Wohl naphthalene oxidation reaction) has declined relative to the o-xylene route. Proposed early steps in vanadium -catalyzed oxidation of naphthalene to phthalic anhydride, with V 2 O 5 represented as a molecule versus its true extended structure.
"I think I was only there the first day. Maybe I made it to day two," she added. "We did the read-throughs and they staged it, and then they're like, we better get somebody else."
Reagent Chemicals [a] is a publication of the American Chemical Society (ACS) Committee on Analytical Reagents, [1] detailing standards of purity for over four hundred of the most widely used chemicals in laboratory analyses and chemical research. Chemicals that meet this standard may be sold as "ACS Reagent Grade" materials.
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