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The Mincer earnings function is a single-equation model that explains wage income as a function of schooling and experience. It is named after Jacob Mincer. [1] [2] Thomas Lemieux argues it is "one of the most widely used models in empirical economics". The equation has been examined on many datasets.
The Keynes–Ramsey rule is named after Frank P. Ramsey, who derived it in 1928, [3] and his mentor John Maynard Keynes, who provided an economic interpretation. [4] Mathematically, the Keynes–Ramsey rule is a necessary first-order condition for an optimal control problem, also known as an Euler–Lagrange equation. [5]
In econometrics, as in statistics in general, it is presupposed that the quantities being analyzed can be treated as random variables.An econometric model then is a set of joint probability distributions to which the true joint probability distribution of the variables under study is supposed to belong.
For example, in public finance the Robinson Crusoe economy is used to study the various types of public goods and certain aspects of collective benefits. [2] It is used in growth economics to develop growth models for underdeveloped or developing countries to embark upon a steady growth path using techniques of savings and investment.
[2] [3] Here is a numerical example: Incremental unit discount: Units 1–100 cost $30 each; Units 101–199 cost $28 each; Units 200 and up cost $26 each. So when 150 units are ordered, the total cost is $30*100 + $28*50. All units discount: an order of 1–1000 units costs $50 each; an order of 1001–5000 units costs $45 each; an order of ...
After the subsequent equations are substituted into the first three equations above, one has a system of three equations in three unknowns, two of which are GDP and the domestic interest rate. Under flexible exchange rates , the exchange rate is the third endogenous variable while BoP is set equal to zero.
Econometrics is an application of statistical methods to economic data in order to give empirical content to economic relationships. [1] More precisely, it is "the quantitative analysis of actual economic phenomena based on the concurrent development of theory and observation, related by appropriate methods of inference."
In economics, an input–output model is a quantitative economic model that represents the interdependencies between different sectors of a national economy or different regional economies. [1] Wassily Leontief (1906–1999) is credited with developing this type of analysis and earned the Nobel Prize in Economics for his development of this model.