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  2. File attribute - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_attribute

    MS-DOS commands like dir and Windows apps like File Explorer do not show hidden files by default, unless asked to do so. [4] System (S): When set, indicates that the hosting file is a critical system file that is necessary for the computer to operate properly. MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows use it to mark important system files.

  3. List of file signatures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures

    PuTTY-User-Key-File-2: 0 ppk PuTTY private key file version 2 50 75 54 54 59 2D 55 73 65 72 2D 4B 65 79 2D 46 69 6C 65 2D 33 3A: PuTTY-User-Key-File-3: 0 ppk PuTTY private key file version 3 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D 42 45 47 49 4E 20 4F 50 45 4E 53 53 48 20 50 52 49 56 41 54 45 20 4B 45 59 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----0 OpenSSH ...

  4. System Locked Pre-installation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Locked_Pre-installation

    System Locked Pre-installation (SLP), also referred to as OEM Activation, is a product activation procedure for Microsoft Windows used by major OEMs of laptops and pre-built PCs wherein a Windows product key is added and locked to the machine's firmware before mass distribution.

  5. PKCS 12 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKCS_12

    It is commonly used to bundle a private key with its X.509 certificate or to bundle all the members of a chain of trust. A PKCS #12 file may be encrypted and signed. The internal storage containers, called "SafeBags", may also be encrypted and signed. A few SafeBags are predefined to store certificates, private keys and CRLs. Another SafeBag is ...

  6. PKCS 7 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKCS_7

    PKCS #7 files may be stored both as raw DER format or as PEM format. PEM format is the same as DER format but wrapped inside Base64 encoding and sandwiched in between ‑‑‑‑‑BEGIN PKCS7‑‑‑‑‑ and ‑‑‑‑‑END PKCS7‑‑‑‑‑. Windows uses the .p7b file name extension [6] for both these encodings.

  7. PKCS 8 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKCS_8

    PKCS #8 is one of the family of standards called Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) created by RSA Laboratories. The latest version, 1.2, is available as RFC 5208. [1] The PKCS #8 private key may be encrypted with a passphrase using one of the PKCS #5 standards defined in RFC 2898, [2] which supports multiple encryption schemes.

  8. Digital signature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature

    All public key / private key cryptosystems depend entirely on keeping the private key secret. A private key can be stored on a user's computer, and protected by a local password, but this has two disadvantages: the user can only sign documents on that particular computer; the security of the private key depends entirely on the security of the ...

  9. Microsoft Product Activation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Product_Activation

    In Windows 7 and later, significant hardware changes (e.g. motherboard) may require a re-activation. In Windows 10 and 11, a user can run the Activation Troubleshooter if the user has changed hardware on their device recently. If the hardware has changed again after activation, they must wait 30 days before running the troubleshooter again.