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Barrett's esophagus is a condition in which there is an abnormal (metaplastic) change in the mucosal cells lining the lower portion of the esophagus, from stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium with interspersed goblet cells that are normally present only in the small intestine and large intestine.
Intestinal metaplasia is the transformation of epithelium (usually of the stomach or the esophagus) into a type of epithelium resembling that found in the intestine.In the esophagus, this is called Barrett's esophagus.
People with Barrett's esophagus (a change in the cells lining the lower esophagus) are at much higher risk, [55] and may receive regular endoscopic screening for the early signs of cancer. [56] Because the benefit of screening for adenocarcinoma in people without symptoms is unclear, [2] it is not recommended in the United States. [1]
The Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults, commonly called the Beers List, [1] are guidelines published by the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) for healthcare professionals to help improve the safety of prescribing medications for adults 65 years and older in all except palliative settings.
There are no specific symptoms although symptoms of GERD may be present for years prior as it is associated with a 10–15% risk of Barrett's esophagus. [22] Risk factors include chronic GERD for more than 5 years, being age 50 or older, being non-Hispanic white, being male, having a family history of this disorder, belly fat , and a history of ...
Oesophageal diseases include a spectrum of disorders affecting the oesophagus.The most common condition of the oesophagus in Western countries is gastroesophageal reflux disease, [4] which in chronic forms is thought to result in changes to the epithelium of the oesophagus, known as Barrett's oesophagus.
GERD may lead to Barrett's esophagus, a type of intestinal metaplasia, [20] which is in turn a precursor condition for esophageal cancer. The risk of progression from Barrett's to dysplasia is uncertain, but is estimated at 20% of cases. [30]
Viruses cause about 70% of episodes of infectious diarrhea in the pediatric age group. [13] Rotavirus is a less common cause in adults due to acquired immunity. [27] Norovirus is the cause in about 18% of all cases. [28] Generally speaking, viral gastroenteritis accounts for 21–40% of the cases of infectious diarrhea in developed countries. [29]