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Although photoelectric alarms are highly effective at detecting smoldering fires and do provide adequate protection from flaming fires, fire safety experts and the NFPA recommend installing what are called combination alarms, which are alarms that either detect both heat and smoke or use both the ionization and photoelectric smoke sensing methods.
An optical beam smoke detector is a device that uses a projected beam of light to detect smoke across large areas, [1] typically as an indicator of fire. [2] They are used to detect fires in buildings where standard point smoke detectors would either be uneconomical [3] or restricted for use by the height of the building. Optical beam smoke ...
A flame detector is a sensor designed to detect and respond to the presence of a flame or fire, allowing flame detection.Responses to a detected flame depend on the installation, but can include sounding an alarm, deactivating a fuel line (such as a propane or a natural gas line), and activating a fire suppression system.
In dwellings, smoke detectors are often stand-alone devices. In non-domestic buildings, fire detection will typically take the form of a fire alarm system, incorporating one or more of the following automatic devices: Heat detector; Smoke detector; Flame detector; Fire gas detector
In a photoionization detector, high-energy photons, typically in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) range, break molecules into positively charged ions. [2] As compounds enter the detector they are bombarded by high-energy UV photons and are ionized when they absorb the UV light, resulting in ejection of electrons and the formation of positively charged ions.
The alarm's circuitry detects this drop in the current and as a result, triggers the piezoelectric buzzer to sound. Compared to the alternative optical smoke detector, the ionization smoke detector is cheaper and can detect particles which are too small to produce significant light scattering. However, it is more prone to false alarms.
A fire alarm control panel Fire alarm speaker and pull station. Fire alarm systems are composed of several distinct parts: Fire alarm control panel (FACP), or fire alarm control unit (FACU): This component, the hub of the system, monitors inputs and system integrity, controls outputs, and transmits information.
Ionization-type smoke detectors are gaseous ionization detectors in widespread use. A small source of radioactive americium is placed so that it maintains a current between two plates that effectively form an ionisation chamber. If smoke gets between the plates where ionization is taking place, the ionized gas can be neutralized leading to a ...
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