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Trigeminal neuralgia (TN or TGN), also called Fothergill disease, tic douloureux, trifacial neuralgia, or suicide disease, is a long-term pain disorder that affects the trigeminal nerve, [7] [1] the nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing.
The trigeminal nerve.. ATN is usually attributed to inflammation or demyelination, with increased sensitivity of the trigeminal nerve.These effects are believed to be caused by infection, demyelinating diseases, or compression of the trigeminal nerve (by an impinging vein or artery, a tumor, dental trauma, accidents, or arteriovenous malformation) and are often confused with dental problems.
Microvascular decompression (MVD), also known as the Jannetta procedure, [1] is a neurosurgical procedure used to treat trigeminal neuralgia (along with other cranial nerve neuralgias), a pain syndrome characterized by severe episodes of intense facial pain, and hemifacial spasm.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI, physical trauma to the brain) can cause a variety of complications, health effects that are not TBI themselves but that result from it. The risk of complications increases with the severity of the trauma; [1] however even mild traumatic brain injury can result in disabilities that interfere with social interactions, employment, and everyday living. [2]
Jackie Galgey, 45, shares in a personal essay her experience with trigeminal neuralgia, also called the suicide disease, which caused her one-sided facial pain.
As compared to an individual with no concussions, due to damage to the brain resulting from concussion, a concussed individual may have reduced motor learning speeds and ability to progress in activity. [11] A term known as Post-concussive Symptoms, or PCS, can be found in many children at or under 18 years of age.
Young children have the highest concussion rate among all age groups. [4] However, most people with a concussion are young adults. [123] A Canadian study found that the yearly incidence of mTBI is lower in older age groups (graph at right). [133] Studies suggest males develop mTBI at about twice the rate of their female counterparts. [3]
The increasing concern over the potential long-term effects of sport-related concussions has heightened scrutiny of the practice of collision sports, particularly American football, with some individuals advocating for its abolition. [96] Sports concussion has been discussed in mainstream media over many years. [97]