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The std::string class is the standard representation for a text string since C++98. The class provides some typical string operations like comparison, concatenation, find and replace, and a function for obtaining substrings. An std::string can be constructed from a C-style string, and a C-style string can also be obtained from one. [7]
Provides the class std::inplace_vector, analogous to std::vector with a fixed capacity defined at compile time. <map> Provides the container class templates std::map and std::multimap, sorted associative array and multimap. <mdspan> Added in C++23. Provides the class template std::mdspan, analogous to std::span but the view is multidimensional ...
It provides four components called algorithms, containers, functions, and iterators. [1] The STL provides a set of common classes for C++, such as containers and associative arrays, that can be used with any built-in type or user-defined type that supports some elementary operations (such as copying and assignment). STL algorithms are ...
In class-based, object-oriented programming, a constructor (abbreviation: ctor) is a special type of function called to create an object.It prepares the new object for use, often accepting arguments that the constructor uses to set required member variables.
In computer programming, initialization or initialisation is the assignment of an initial value for a data object or variable. The manner in which initialization is performed depends on the programming language , as well as the type, storage class, etc., of an object to be initialized.
Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) [1] is a programming idiom [2] used in several object-oriented, statically typed programming languages to describe a particular language behavior. In RAII, holding a resource is a class invariant , and is tied to object lifetime .
array implements a compile-time non-resizable array. vector implements an array with fast random access and an ability to automatically resize when appending elements. deque implements a double-ended queue with comparatively fast random access. list implements a doubly linked list. forward_list implements a singly linked list.
A class in C++ is a user-defined type or data structure declared with any of the keywords class, struct or union (the first two are collectively referred to as non-union classes) that has data and functions (also called member variables and member functions) as its members whose access is governed by the three access specifiers private, protected or public.