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Forgetting or disremembering is the apparent loss or modification of information already encoded and stored in an individual's short or long-term memory.It is a spontaneous or gradual process in which old memories are unable to be recalled from memory storage.
Selective memory involves actively forgetting negative experiences or enhancing positive ones. [39] This process actively affects reconstructive memory by distorting recollections of events. This affects reconstructive memories in two ways: by preventing memories from being recalled, even when appropriate cues are present
Motivated forgetting is a theorized psychological behavior in which people may forget unwanted memories, either consciously or unconsciously. [1] It is an example of a defence mechanism, since these are unconscious or conscious coping techniques used to reduce anxiety arising from unacceptable or potentially harmful impulses thus it can be a defence mechanism in some ways. [2]
Another explanation for why we forget learned information is the decay of information. This concept determines the impermanence of memory storage as an explanation for forgetting. [ 1 ] Decay theory posits that the process of forgetting is due to the inevitable fading of memory traces over time. [ 4 ]
The interference theory is a theory regarding human memory.Interference occurs in learning. The notion is that memories encoded in long-term memory (LTM) are forgotten and cannot be retrieved into short-term memory (STM) because either memory could interfere with the other. [1]
The forgetting curve hypothesizes the decline of memory retention in time. This curve shows how information is lost over time when there is no attempt to retain it. [ 1 ] A related concept is the strength of memory that refers to the durability that memory traces in the brain .
In the early days of psychology, the concept of inhibition was prevalent and influential (e.g., Breese, 1899; Pillsbury, 1908; Wundt, 1902). [1] These psychologists applied the concept of inhibition (and interference) to early theories of learning and forgetting. [5]
Overview of the forms and functions of memory. Memory is the faculty of the mind by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed.It is the retention of information over time for the purpose of influencing future action. [1]