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The needle turns to point at a nearby charged object due to charges induced in the ends of the needle by the external charge, through electrostatic induction.For example, if a positively charged object is brought near, the mobile negative charges in the metal will be attracted to it, and move to the end of the needle nearest the object.
As the charged object is brought near the electroscope terminal, the leaves spread apart, because the electric field from the object induces a charge in the conductive electroscope rod and leaves, and the charged leaves repel each other. The opposite-sign charge is attracted to the nearby object and collects on the terminal disk, while the same ...
A charged object outside any container also induces an equal charge on its surroundings. [12] [21] The field lines extending from it end on charges induced in the walls or other objects in the room. This illustrates the general principle that for every positive charge, there must be a corresponding negative charge somewhere in the universe.
[4]: p.712 For example, if a positive charge is brought near the object (see picture of cylindrical electrode near electrostatic machine), the electrons in the metal will be attracted toward it and move to the side of the object facing it. When the electrons move out of an area, they leave an unbalanced positive charge due to the nuclei.
Gold leaf electroscope showing principle of fiber dosimeter. When ionizing radiation penetrates the inner gas of the electroscope, ions are created. Since the gold leaves are charged positive, the negative ions are attracted to it and neutralize some of the charge, thus causing the gold leaves to close together.
Electric charge is a conserved property: the net charge of an isolated system, the quantity of positive charge minus the amount of negative charge, cannot change. Electric charge is carried by subatomic particles. In ordinary matter, negative charge is carried by electrons, and positive charge is carried by the protons in the nuclei of atoms ...
The Huffington Post
Friction with some fabrics can act as an electrostatic generator that can charge a human body to about 3 kV. Some electronic devices can be damaged by voltages of the order of 100 V. The breakdown voltages of metal oxide semiconductors without protection diodes may be even lower. Electronics factories are careful to prevent people from becoming ...