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  2. Mesoscale convective system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoscale_convective_system

    Mesoscale convective systems, which can evolve into tropical cyclones, form along areas such as tropical waves or easterly waves which progress westward along monsoon troughs and the Intertropical Convergence Zone in regions of ample low level moisture, convergent surface winds, and divergent winds aloft.

  3. Cyclogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclogenesis

    Occasionally, cyclogenesis will re-occur with occluded cyclones. When this happens a new low center will form on the triple-point (the point where the cold front, warm front, and occluded front meet). During triple-point cyclogenesis, the occluded parent low will fill as the secondary low deepens into the main weathermaker.

  4. Tropical cyclogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_cyclogenesis

    Depth of 26 °C isotherm on October 1, 2006. There are six main requirements for tropical cyclogenesis: sufficiently warm sea surface temperatures, atmospheric instability, high humidity in the lower to middle levels of the troposphere, enough Coriolis force to sustain a low-pressure center, a preexisting low-level focus or disturbance, and low vertical wind shear. [3]

  5. Upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_tropospheric...

    When the subtropical disturbances in the Northern Hemisphere actively move southward, or dig, the area between the upper tropospheric anticyclone to its west and cold-core low to its east generally have strong northeasterly winds in addition to a rapid development of active thunderstorm activity. Cloud bands associated with upper tropospheric ...

  6. Convergence zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence_zone

    An example of a convergence zone is the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a low pressure area which girdles the Earth at the Equator. [3] Another example is the South Pacific convergence zone that extends from the western Pacific Ocean toward French Polynesia.

  7. Hadley cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadley_cell

    The documented shift and expansion of subtropical ridges are associated with changes in the Hadley circulation, including a westward extension of the subtropical high over the northwestern Pacific, changes in the intensity and position of the Azores High, and the poleward displacement and intensification of the subtropical high pressure belt in ...

  8. Eddy pumping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_pumping

    Eddy pumping is a component of mesoscale eddy-induced vertical motion in the ocean.It is a physical mechanism through which vertical motion is created from variations in an eddy's rotational strength.

  9. South Pacific convergence zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pacific_convergence_zone

    The South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ), a reverse-oriented monsoon trough, is a band of low-level convergence, cloudiness and precipitation extending from the Western Pacific Warm Pool at the maritime continent south-eastwards towards French Polynesia and as far as the Cook Islands (160W, 20S).