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The first is the traditional Glyptodontinae, which is includes the well known genera of Glyptodon and Glyptotherium, which probably originated in Northern South America, while the second is the unnamed "Austral clade", containing the majority of glyptodont diversity, which as the name suggests probably originated in Southern South America. [8]
Doedicurus (Ancient Greek δοῖδυξ "pestle" and oυρά "tail") is an extinct genus of glyptodont from South America containing one species, D. clavicaudatus.Glyptodonts are a member of the family Chlamyphoridae, which also includes some modern armadillo species, and they are classified in the superorder Xenarthra alongside sloths and anteaters.
Glyptodon (lit. ' grooved or carved tooth '; from Ancient Greek γλυπτός (gluptós) 'sculptured' and ὀδοντ-, ὀδούς (odont-, odoús) 'tooth') [1] is a genus of glyptodont, an extinct group of large, herbivorous armadillos, that lived from the Pliocene, around 3.2 million years ago, [2] to the early Holocene, around 11,000 years ago, in South America.
Jay Leno as Fast Tony, a giant armadillo. Chris Wedge as Scrat, the sabre-toothed squirrel. [2] Tom Fahn as Stu, a Glyptodon. Joe Bologna as Mr. Start, a Palaeotherium; Renée Taylor as Mrs. Start, a Palaeotherium; Alex Sullivan as James, the aardvark. Alan Tudyk as Cholly, the chalicothere. Clea Lewis as Female Mini Sloth / Dung Beetle Mom
The sister taxon, or closest relative(s) of another taxon, to Glyptotherium is the genus Glyptodon, which evolved in the Middle Pleistocene in Argentina. [33] [30] Glyptotherium is nearly identical to Glyptodon in many aspects, so much so that the first fossils of Glyptotherium to be described were misidentified as those of Glyptodon. [14] [1]
Parapropalaehoplophorus septentrionalis was a comparatively small (compared to Glyptodon) species of glyptodont, extinct relatives of the modern armadillo.The mammal, identified in 2007 from the fossilized remains of a specimen found in 2004, weighed approximately 200 pounds and had a shell covered by tiny circular bumps. [1]
Holmesina is an extinct genus of pampathere, an extinct group of armadillo-like xenarthrans that were distantly related to extant armadillos. Like armadillos, and unlike the other extinct branch of megafaunal cingulates, the glyptodonts, the shell was made up of flexible plates which allowed the animal to move more easily.
Two groups of cingulates much larger than extant armadillos (maximum body mass of 45 kg (100 lb) in the case of the giant armadillo [2]) existed until recently: pampatheriids, which reached weights of up to 200 kg (440 lb) [3] and chlamyphorid glyptodonts, which attained masses of 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) [4] or more.