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Scholasticism was a medieval European philosophical movement or methodology that employed logically precise analyses and worked to reconcile classical philosophy and Catholic Christianity. [1] The Scholastics, also known as Schoolmen, [2] [3] primarily utilized dialectical reasoning predicated upon Aristotelianism and the Ten Categories.
The Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate (transl. Disputed Questions on Truth, henceforth QDV [1] and sometimes spelled de Ueritate) by Thomas Aquinas is a collection of questions that are discussed in the disputation style of medieval scholasticism. It covers a variety of topics centering on the true, the good and man's search for them, but the ...
Neo-scholasticism (also known as neo-scholastic Thomism [1] or neo-Thomism because of the great influence of the writings of Thomas Aquinas on the movement) is a revival and development of medieval scholasticism in Catholic theology and philosophy which began in the second half of the 19th century.
Thomas Aquinas OP (/ ə ˈ k w aɪ n ə s / ⓘ ə-KWY-nəs; Italian: Tommaso d'Aquino, lit. 'Thomas of Aquino'; c. 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian [6] Dominican friar and priest, the foremost Scholastic thinker, [7] as well as one of the most influential philosophers and theologians in the Western tradition. [8]
The collected works of Thomas Aquinas are being edited in the Editio Leonina (established 1879). As of 2014, 39 out of a projected 50 volumes have been published. The works of Aquinas can be grouped into six categories as follows: Works written in direct connection to his teaching Seven systematic disputations (quaestiones disputatae), on: Truth;
Analytical Thomism is a philosophical movement which promotes the interchange of ideas between the thought of Thomas Aquinas (including the philosophy carried on in relation to his thinking, called 'Thomism'), and modern analytic philosophy. It is a branch of analytic scholasticism that draws on other scholastic sources, esp. John Duns Scotus. [1]
Étienne Gilson (1884–1978), the key proponent of existential Thomism, [133] tended to emphasize the importance of historical exegesis but also to deemphasize Aquinas's continuity with the Aristotelian tradition, and like Cornelio Fabro of the Neo-scholastic school, to highlight the originality of Aquinas's doctrine of being as existence.
They undertook the adaptation of the teachings of Thomas Aquinas to the then new political-economic order. The juridical doctrine of the School of Salamanca represented a profound transformation of medieval concepts of law, [ 8 ] with a revindication of liberty not habitual in Europe of that time.