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The World War I transport USS Henderson, completed in 1917, was the first large ship with gyro stabilizers. It had two 25-ton, 9-foot (2.7 m) diameter flywheels mounted near the center of the ship, spun at 1100 rpm by 75 hp (56 kW) AC motors.
A Gyroscopic stabilizer is a control system that reduces tilting movement of a ship or aircraft. It senses orientation using a small gyroscope, and counteracts rotation by adjusting control surfaces or by applying force to a large gyroscope. It can be: Some active ship stabilizers adjust "active fins" of the ship or apply force to a large ...
In 1915 the gyroscopic stabilizer was mounted on US destroyer USS Worden (DD-16). [4] The World War I transport USS Henderson , completed in 1917, was the first large ship with gyro stabilizers. It had two 25-ton (23 t), 9-foot (2.7 m) diameter flywheels mounted near the center of the ship, spun at 1100 RPM by 75 HP AC motors.
Gyro stabilizers consist of a spinning flywheel and gyroscopic precession that imposes boat-righting torque on the hull structure. The angular momentum of the gyro's flywheel is a measure of the extent to which the flywheel will continue to rotate about its axis unless acted upon by an external torque. The higher the angular momentum, the ...
The gyroscopic stabilizer idea was later developed further by the US American inventor Elmer Ambrose Sperry but this system could hold the ship at an extreme angle for prolonged periods. [3] By the time these stabilizers were abandoned, gyroscopes had already found their place in ship navigation as gyrocompasses and in control systems.
The Sperry Corporation developed the original gyroscopic autopilot in 1912. The device was called a “gyroscopic stabilizer apparatus,” and its purpose was to improve stability and control of aircraft. It utilized the inputs from several other instruments to allow an aircraft to automatically maintain a desired compass heading and altitude. [1]
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