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A rotary evaporator [1] (rotovap) is a device used in chemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle removal of solvents from samples by evaporation.When referenced in the chemistry research literature, description of the use of this technique and equipment may include the phrase "rotary evaporator", though use is often rather signaled by other language (e.g., "the sample was evaporated ...
Rotary evaporation [7] is a common technique used in laboratories to concentrate or isolate a compound from solution. Many solvents are volatile and can easily be evaporated using rotary evaporation. Even less volatile solvents can be removed by rotary evaporation under high vacuum and with heating.
After many cycles the desired compound is concentrated in the distillation flask. The advantage of this system is that instead of many portions of warm solvent being passed through the sample, just one batch of solvent is recycled. After extraction the solvent is removed, typically by means of a rotary evaporator, yielding the extracted ...
Vapor pressure difference is the driving force. It has potential applications in seawater desalination and in removal of organic and inorganic components. The unit process of evaporation may also be called "distillation": In rotary evaporation a vacuum distillation apparatus is used to remove bulk solvents from a sample.
Evaporation removes volatile liquids from non-volatile solutes, which cannot be done through filtration due to the small size of the substances. Liquid–liquid extraction removes an impurity or recovers a desired product by dissolving the crude material in a solvent in which other components of the feed material are soluble.
Centrifugal evaporator patent from 1875. A centrifugal evaporator is a device used in chemical and biochemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle evaporation of solvents from many samples at the same time, and samples contained in microtitre plates. If only one sample required evaporation then a rotary evaporator is most often
The American Chemical Society notes [citation needed] that the ideal organic solvents to use in a cooling bath have the following characteristics: Nontoxic vapors. Low viscosity. Nonflammability. Low volatility. Suitable freezing point. In some cases, a simple substitution can give nearly identical results while lowering risks.
Drying is a mass transfer process consisting of the removal of water or another solvent [1] by evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or liquid. This process is often used as a final production step before selling or packaging products.