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The Almoravid dynasty (Arabic: ... The final cause of their downfall was the Masmuda-led Almohad rebellion initiated in the Maghreb by Ibn Tumart in the 1120s.
The Almoravid dynasty’s expansion into al-Andalus around 1085 was the catalyst for the booming textile market that would soon come to be. The Almoravids brought styles and practices from North Africa, such as Egypt, to Spain, which collided and mixed to form a highly sought-after, high-quality product. [8]
The Almohad movement originated with Ibn Tumart, a member of the Masmuda, an Amazigh tribal confederation of the Atlas Mountains of southern Morocco. At the time, present-day Morocco, Mauritania, western Algeria and parts of Spain and Portugal were under the rule of the Almoravids, a Sanhaja Berber dynasty.
Mihrab of the Tinmal Mosque, built in the mid-12th century at the site of the base from which the Almohads launched their attacks on the Almoravids.. Almohad doctrine (Arabic: الدَّعوَة المُوَحِّدِيَّة) or Almohadism was the ideology underpinning the Almohad movement, founded by Ibn Tumart, which created the Almohad Empire during the 12th to 13th centuries.
Later, the Berber religious leader Ibn Tumart founded the Almohad movement, supplanted the Almoravids, and would eventually bring under the movement's control al-Maghrib and al-Andalus. Almohad rule would be succeeded by the Tunis-based Hafsids. The Hafsids were a local Berber dynasty and would retain control with varying success until the ...
Almohad hagiographers report that ibn Tumart was in al-Ghazali's presence when news arrived that the Almoravids had proscribed and publicly burned his recent great work, Ihya' Ulum al-Din, upon which al-Ghazali is said to have turned to ibn Tumart and charged him, as a native of those lands, with the mission of setting the Almoravids right. [12]
The Almohad movement, initiated by Ibn Tumart, sought to overthrow the ruling Almoravid dynasty. In 1130 the Almohads were defeated in an attempt to conquer Marrakesh from the Almoravids in the Battle of al-Buhayra. Ibn Tumart died in this battle and was succeeded by Abd al-Mu’min, who was to capture Marrakesh in 1147.
The Almohads' involvement in Al-Andalus began as early as 1145, when Ali ibn Isa ibn Maymun, the Almoravid naval commander of Cadiz, defected to 'Abd al-Mu'min. [6] [29]: 202 [14]: 75 In the same year, Ibn Qasi, the ruler of Silves, was one of the first Andalusian leaders to appeal for Almohad intervention in Al-Andalus in order to stop the ...