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Thailand – the only independent state in Southeast Asia, but bordered by a British sphere of influence in the north and south and French influence in the northeast and east; Turkey – successor to the Ottoman Empire in 1923; the Ottoman Empire itself could be considered a colonial empire
The population began to grow explosively as the standard of living rose, and a flood of people began to move from the villages to the cities, and above all to Bangkok. Thailand had 30 million people in 1965, while by the end of the 20th century the population had doubled. Bangkok's population had grown tenfold since 1945 and had tripled since 1970.
The kingdom of the Siamese has been known to the West since 1430; when the Italian Niccolò de' Conti first visited Tenasserim, then part of the Kingdom of Sukhothai. [2] The first known Briton recorded to have set foot in the area that is now modern Thailand was Ralph Fitch who arrived in Chiang Mai (referred to as Lamahey in his account) in 1586. [3]
One version of the map of Thailand's territorial losses, listing eight instances of losses to the French and British colonial empires. The territorial losses of Thailand is a concept in Thai historiography, referring to conflicts during the Rattanakosin period of Thailand (or Siam as it was historically known) where the country was forced to cede territory, especially to the Western powers of ...
In the aftermath of World War II, European colonies, controlling more than one billion people throughout the world, still ruled most of the Middle East, South East Asia, and the Indian Subcontinent. However, the image of European pre-eminence was shattered by the wartime Japanese occupations of large portions of British, French, and Dutch ...
Fierce Enigmas: A History of the United States in South Asia (2018) excerpt; Thomson, James et al. Sentimental Imperialists - The American Experience in East Asia (1981) scholarly history over 200 years. Wesseling, Hendrik L. The European Colonial Empires: 1815-1919 (Routledge, 2015). Woodcock, George, The British in the Far East (1969) online ...
The port city was the center of British rule in Southeast Asia, and has grown to become one of the world's major trading hubs. By 1913, the British had occupied Burma, Malaya and the northern Borneo territories, the French controlled Indochina, the Dutch ruled the Netherlands East Indies while Portugal managed to hold on to Portuguese Timor.
The treaty affirmed British assent that Kedah, Perlis, Terengganu, and Patani were Thai provinces while Penang and Province Wellesley belonged to the British and that the Siamese would permit British trade in Kelantan and Terengganu. [6] After Rama III's reign, a succession crisis brought Mongkut (r. 1851–1868) to power.