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vi (pronounced as distinct letters, / ˌ v iː ˈ aɪ / ⓘ) [1] is a screen-oriented text editor originally created for the Unix operating system. The portable subset of the behavior of vi and programs based on it, and the ex editor language supported within these programs, is described by (and thus standardized by) the Single Unix Specification and POSIX.
For example, the Esc key may be used as an input character in editors such as vi, [13] or for backing up one level in a menu in some applications. [14] The Hewlett Packard HP 2640 terminals had a key for a "display functions" mode which would display graphics for all control characters, including Esc, to aid in debugging applications.
The IBM PC, introduced in 1983, did not support these or any other escape sequences for updating the screen. Only a few control characters (BEL, CR, LF, BS) were interpreted by the underlying BIOS. Any display effects had to be done with BIOS calls, which were notoriously slow, or by directly manipulating the IBM PC hardware.
In computing and telecommunications, a control character or non-printing character (NPC) is a code point in a character set that does not represent a written character or symbol. They are used as in-band signaling to cause effects other than the addition of a symbol to the text.
curses is a terminal control library for Unix-like systems, enabling the construction of text user interface (TUI) applications. The name is a pun on the term "cursor optimization". It is a library of functions that manage an application's display on character-cell terminals (e.g., VT100). [2] ncurses is the approved replacement for 4.4BSD ...
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vi: Text processing Optional (UP) Screen-oriented (visual) display editor 1BSD wait: Process management Mandatory Await process completion Version 4 AT&T UNIX wc: Text processing Mandatory Line, word and byte or character count Version 1 AT&T UNIX what: SCCS: Optional (XSI) Identify SCCS files PWB UNIX who: System administration Optional (XSI)
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