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Coal tar is produced through thermal destruction of coal.Its composition varies with the process and type of coal used – lignite, bituminous or anthracite. [13]Coal tar is a mixture of approximately 10,000 chemicals, of which only about 50% have been identified.
The dye is made from phenol, first oxidising it with oxalic acid and sulfuric acid to make a red substance called rosolic acid. By treating this with ammonia, a dye called red coralline or péonine was made. When reacted with aniline, the blue azuline was produced. This was invented by Jules Persoz in Paris.
Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of formula C 14 H 10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar.Anthracene is used in the production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes, as a Scintillator to detect high energy particles, as production of pharmaceutical drugs.
Tar made from coal or petroleum is considered toxic and carcinogenic because of its high benzene content, [citation needed] though coal tar in low concentrations is used as a topical medicine for conditions such as psoriasis. [11] [12] Coal and petroleum tar has a pungent odor. Coal tar is listed at number 1999 in the United Nations list of ...
Styrene is named after storax balsam (often commercially sold as styrax), the resin of Liquidambar trees of the Altingiaceae plant family. Styrene occurs naturally in small quantities in some plants and foods ( cinnamon , coffee beans , balsam trees and peanuts ) [ 7 ] and is also found in coal tar .
In 1834, Friedlieb Runge isolated a substance from coal tar that turned a beautiful blue color when treated with chloride of lime. He named it kyanol or cyanol . [ 28 ] In 1840, Carl Julius Fritzsche (1808–1871) treated indigo with caustic potash and obtained an oil that he named aniline , after an indigo-yielding plant, anil ( Indigofera ...
In the earliest days of MGP operations, coal tar was considered a waste and often disposed into the environment in and around the plant locations. While uses for coal tar developed by the late-19th century, the market for tar varied and plants that could not sell tar at a given time could store tar for future use, attempt to burn it as boiler ...
From the 1960s until the 1990s, significant amounts of naphthalene were produced from heavy petroleum fractions during refining, but present-day production is mainly from coal tar. [citation needed] Approximately 1.3 million tons are produced annually. [citation needed] Naphthalene is the most abundant single component of coal tar.