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The biggest differences between criteria are whether post-exertional malaise (PEM) is required, and the number of symptoms needed. [ 1 ] The pathology of ME/CFS is poorly understood, and it can be a difficult condition to diagnose because there is no standard test, many symptoms are non-specific, and because doctors and patients may be ...
Other symptoms that may occur during PEM include cognitive impairment, flu-like symptoms, pain, weakness, and trouble sleeping. [6] [4] Though typically cast as a worsening of existing symptoms, patients may experience some symptoms exclusively during PEM. [6] Patients often describe PEM as a "crash", "relapse", or "setback". [6]
Management of ME/CFS (myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome) focuses on symptoms management, as no treatments that address the root cause of the illness are available. [1]: 29 Pacing, or regulating one's activities to avoid triggering worse symptoms, is the most common management strategy for post-exertional malaise.
The hallmark symptom is post-exertional malaise, a worsening of the illness which can start immediately or hours to days after even minor physical or mental activity. This "crash" can last from hours or days to several months. Further common symptoms include dizziness or faintness when upright and pain. [3] [10] The cause of the disease is ...
Weakness is a symptom of many different medical conditions. [1] The causes are many and can be divided into conditions that have true or perceived muscle weakness. True muscle weakness is a primary symptom of a variety of skeletal muscle diseases, including muscular dystrophy and inflammatory myopathy .
Functional weakness is weakness of an arm or leg without evidence of damage or a disease of the nervous system. Patients with functional weakness experience symptoms of limb weakness which can be disabling and frightening such as problems walking or a 'heaviness' down one side, dropping things or a feeling that a limb just doesn't feel normal or 'part of them'.
[1] [2] Patients observe these symptoms and seek medical advice from healthcare professionals. Because most people are not diagnostically trained or knowledgeable, they typically describe their symptoms in layman's terms, rather than using specific medical terminology. This list is not exhaustive.
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) requires the additional symptoms of: post-exertional malaise (significantly worsening symptoms with activity which results in a significant reduction in daily activities, which may be delayed by up to 3 days) sleep dysfunction; either: cognitive problems, or; orthostatic intolerance.