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Meconium is the earliest stool of a mammalian infant resulting from defecation.Unlike later feces, meconium is composed of materials ingested during the time the infant spends in the uterus: intestinal epithelial cells, lanugo, mucus, amniotic fluid, bile, and water.
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), also known as neonatal aspiration of meconium, is a medical condition affecting newborn infants. It describes the spectrum of disorders and pathophysiology of newborns born in meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and have meconium within their lungs.
Meconium peritonitis; X-ray of a newborn with meconium pseudocyst resulting from bowel perforation. In this case the cause was atresia of the terminal ileum.There is a fine rim of calcification surrounding the big pseudocyst which shifts the other intestinal structures outwards.
Radiographs in meconium ileus classically demonstrate a bubbly appearance in the right lower quadrant due to a combination of ingested air and meconium. If, on contrast enema, reflux into the dilated distal small bowel loops can be achieved, the study is both diagnostic and therapeutic, as the ionic contrast medium can dissolve the meconium to ...
At term mothers who experience a combination of pre-labor membrane ruptures and multiple invasive vaginal examinations, prolonged labor, or have meconium appear in the amniotic fluid are at higher risk than at term mothers experiencing just one of those events. [11] In other studies, smoking, alcohol use and drug use are noted as risk factors.
It is characterized by changes in fetal movement, growth, heart rate, and presence of meconium stained fluid. [4] Risk factors for fetal distress/non-reassuring fetal status include anemia, restriction of fetal growth, maternal hypertension or cardiovascular disease, low amniotic fluid or meconium in the amniotic fluid, or a post-term pregnancy.
DIOS was previously known as meconium ileus equivalent, a name which highlights its similarity to the intestinal obstruction seen in newborn infants with cystic fibrosis. [2] DIOS tends to occur in older individuals with pancreatic insufficiency .
Although meconium and umbilical cord tissue testing provides a larger window of observation for substance exposure, it is not recommended if the mother is already receiving treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) with frequent toxicology testing since this will not provide any additional information.