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The conduction system consists of specialized heart muscle cells, situated within the myocardium. [3] There is a skeleton of fibrous tissue that surrounds the conduction system which can be seen on an ECG. Dysfunction of the conduction system can cause irregular heart rhythms including rhythms that are too fast or too slow.
Another form of arrhythmia is that of the ventricular escape beat. This can happen as a compensatory mechanism when there is a problem in the conduction system from the SA node. [citation needed] The most severe form of arrhythmia is ventricular fibrillation which is the most common cause of cardiac arrest and subsequent sudden death.
Ventricular relaxation, or diastole, follows repolarization of the ventricles and is represented by the T wave of the ECG. It too is divided into two distinct phases and lasts approximately 430 ms. [1] During the early phase of ventricular diastole, as the ventricular muscle relaxes, pressure on the remaining blood within the ventricle begins ...
Sinoventricular conduction is a rare form of cardiac conduction in which the sinoatrial node generates an impulse that is conducted to the atrioventricular node (AV node) in the absence of the right atrium contracting. This is the physiological proof for the presence of the internodal tracts, which have not been clearly demonstrated histologically.
The fibres often conduct slowly and in one direction only - from the atria to the ventricles (antegrade conduction); not from the ventricles to the atria (retrograde conduction). Unlike most atrio-ventricular accessory pathways which conduct electrical impulses at a relatively fixed speed, conduction through a Mahaim pathway varies according to ...
The term "concealed" is in reference to that the conduction is not observable by electrocardiogram. A common example would be an interpolated PVC (a type of premature ventricular contraction) during normal sinus rhythm; the PVC does not cause an atrial contraction, because the retrograde impulse from the PVC does not completely penetrate the AV ...
Intraventricular conduction delays (IVCD) are conduction disorders seen in intraventricular propagation of supraventricular impulses resulting in changes in the QRS complex duration or morphology, or both. IVCD can be caused by abnormalities in the structures of bundle of His, Purkinje fibers or ventricular myocardium.
Cardiovascular physiology is the study of the cardiovascular system, specifically addressing the physiology of the heart ("cardio") and blood vessels ("vascular").. These subjects are sometimes addressed separately, under the names cardiac physiology and circulatory physiology.