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Timelapse of a resurrection fern (Pleopeltis polypodioides) absorbing a drop of water. When the fronds "dry", the mesophyll deforms, which causes the lamina to curl and exposes the underside and show the peltate scales. The peltate scales help prevent photooxidation and mechanical damage, as well as assist in quick rehydration. [10]
Pleopeltis is a genus of ferns in the family Polypodiaceae, subfamily Polypodioideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). [2] The genus widely distributed in tropical regions of the world, and also north into temperate regions in eastern North America and eastern Asia .
Other symptoms that may occur during PEM include cognitive impairment, flu-like symptoms, pain, weakness, and trouble sleeping. [6] [4] Though typically cast as a worsening of existing symptoms, patients may experience some symptoms exclusively during PEM. [6] Patients often describe PEM as a "crash", "relapse", or "setback". [6]
The USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, or APHIS, has allocated more than $108,000 for a research project studying the risks of beech leaf disease in several states.
For example, Shigella is a longstanding World Health Organization (WHO) target for vaccine development, and sharp declines in age-specific diarrhea/dysentery attack rates for this pathogen indicate that natural immunity does develop following exposure; thus, vaccination to prevent this disease should be feasible. The development of vaccines ...
Symptoms can overlap across causal agents, however differing signs and symptoms of certain pathogens can lead to the diagnosis of the type of leaf spot disease. Prolonged wet and humid conditions promote leaf spot disease and most pathogens are spread by wind, splashing rain or irrigation that carry the disease to other leaves.
The threat of so-called “mad cow disease” has all but faded from the collective memory, after its appearance in U.K. cattle in 1986. Human deaths from the scourge, caused by eating ...
The initial case in human outbreaks of Nipah virus has always been zoonotic [8] from exposure to contaminated secretions or tissues of infected bats or pigs. Subsequent human-to-human transmission of Nipah virus occurs via close contact with NiV-infected persons or exposure to NiV-infected body fluids (e.g., blood, urine, nasal secretions). [1]