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A late example of an academic authority proposing that the human racial groups should be considered taxonomical subspecies is John Baker (1974). [56] The trinomial nomenclature Homo sapiens sapiens became popular for "modern humans" in the context of Neanderthals being considered a subspecies of H. sapiens in the second half of the 20th century.
Homo sapiens (red) Expansion of early modern humans from Africa through the Near East. In paleoanthropology, the recent African origin of modern humans or the "Out of Africa" theory (OOA) [a] is the most widely accepted [1] [2] [3] model of the geographic origin and early migration of anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens).
Humans established nation-states in the other seven realms, such as South Africa, India, Russia, Australia, Fiji, the United States, and Brazil (each located in a different biogeographical realm). Within the last century, humans have also explored the deep sea and outer space.
Cro-Magnon are considered the first anatomically modern humans in Europe. They entered Eurasia by the Zagros Mountains (near present-day Iran and eastern Turkey) around 50,000 years ago, with one group rapidly settling coastal areas around the Indian Ocean and another migrating north to the steppes of Central Asia. [92]
160,000 years ago, Homo sapiens idaltu in the Awash River Valley (near present-day Herto village, Ethiopia) practiced excarnation. [59] 130–80 ka Marine Isotope Stage 5 . Modern human presence in Southern Africa and West Africa. [60] Appearance of mitochondrial haplogroup (mt-haplogroup) L2. 80–50 ka MIS 4, beginning of the Upper Paleolithic.
In this theory, there was a coastal dispersal of modern humans from the Horn of Africa crossing the Bab el Mandib to Yemen at a lower sea level around 70,000 years ago. This group helped to populate Southeast Asia and Oceania, explaining the discovery of early human sites in these areas much earlier than those in the Levant. [260]
What's happening in northern Africa to make a new ocean? Scientists aren't 100% certain a new ocean will form, but they say the geologic implications of the plates pulling apart indicate it's likely.
This gave them a crucial advantage, enabling them to live in both forested areas and on the open savanna at a time when Africa was drying up and the savanna was encroaching on forested areas. By 4 million years ago, several australopithecine hominid species had developed throughout Southern, Eastern and Central Africa. They were tool users, and ...