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Constantinople was founded on the former site of the Greek colony of Byzantium, which today is known as Istanbul in Turkey. Show map of Istanbul Constantinople (Marmara)
Byzantium (/ b ɪ ˈ z æ n t i ə m,-ʃ ə m /) or Byzantion (Ancient Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul today.
According to Pliny the Elder Byzantium was first known as Lygos. [1] The origin and meaning of the name are unknown. Zsolt suggested it was etymologically identitical to the Greek name for the Ligures and derived from the Anatolian ethnonym Ligyes, [2] a tribe that was part of Xerxes' army [3] and appeared to have been neighbors to the Paphlagonians. [4]
The Fatih district, which was named after Mehmed II (Turkish: Fatih Sultan Mehmed), corresponds to what was the whole of Constantinople until the Ottoman conquest; today it is the capital district and called the historic peninsula of Istanbul on the southern shore of the Golden Horn, across the medieval Genoese citadel of Galata on the northern ...
During the Second Bulgarian Empire, 14th-century literary compositions portrayed the then capital of Tarnovo, now Veliko Tarnovo, as successor of both Rome and Constantinople. [24] Bulgarian contemporaries called the city "Tsarevgrad Tarnov", the Imperial city of Tarnovo, echoing the Bulgarian name then used for Constantinople, Tsarigrad. [25]
In Constantinople of this period created the theologian and writer Photios, an outstanding poet John Grammaticus and poetess Kassia of Constantinople. In May 861, the so-called Double Council took place in the Church of the Holy Apostles, which condemned the deposition of Patriarch Ignatios. [107] [8] [108] [109]
The inhabitants of the empire, now generally termed Byzantines, thought of themselves as Romans (Romaioi).Their Islamic neighbours similarly called their empire the "land of the Romans" (Bilād al-Rūm), while the people of medieval Western Europe preferred to call them "Greeks" (Graeci), as they regarded themselves as being the true inheritors of Roman identity. [2]
Today, the Theodosian Walls are connected in the vicinity of the Porphyrogenitus Palace with a short wall, which features a postern, probably the postern of the Porphyrogenitus (πυλὶς τοῦ Πορφυρογεννήτου) recorded by John VI Kantakouzenos, and extends from the palace to the first tower of the so-called Wall of Manuel ...