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chroot is an operation on Unix and Unix-like operating systems that changes the apparent root directory for the current running process and its children.A program that is run in such a modified environment cannot name (and therefore normally cannot access) files outside the designated directory tree.
When applied to a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) the host command will return information associated with that name such as its IP address and mail handling host. It can also be used to list all members of a domain. [2] The host command is also able to perform reverse IP lookups to find the FQDN associated with an IP address. [3]
In this example, /usr/bin/env is the full path of the env command. The environment is not altered. Note that it is possible to specify the interpreter without using env, by giving the full path of the python interpreter. A problem with that approach is that on different computer systems, the exact path may be different.
The single slash between host and path denotes the start of the local-path part of the URI and must be present. [5] A valid file URI must therefore begin with either file:/path (no hostname), file:///path (empty hostname), or file://hostname/path. file://path (i.e. two slashes, without a hostname) is never correct, but is often used.
Examples of environment variables include: PATH: a list of directory paths. When the user types a command without providing the full path, this list is checked to see whether it contains a path that leads to the command. HOME and USERPROFILE (Microsoft Windows): indicate where a user's home directory is located in the file system.
If you are looking for a simple, general mechanism for the local specification of IP addresses for specific hostnames (server names), use the HOSTS file, not the LMHOSTS file. The file, if it exists, is read as the LMHOSTS setting file. A sample file (lmhosts.sam) is provided. It contains documentation for manually configuring the file.
COMMAND: The command to run (add, delete, change, get, monitor, flush)-net: <dest> is a network address-host: <dest> is host name or address (default)-netmask: the mask of the route <dest>: IP address or host name of the destination <gateway>: IP address or host name of the next-hop router
A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a command line user interface for Unix-like operating systems. The shell is both an interactive command language and a scripting language , and is used by the operating system to control the execution of the system using shell scripts .